{"id":27242,"date":"2023-01-09T18:39:46","date_gmt":"2023-01-09T17:39:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/?p=27242"},"modified":"2023-01-26T14:50:03","modified_gmt":"2023-01-26T13:50:03","slug":"32-europe-of-the-carpathians-conference","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/sk\/wydarzenia\/32-europe-of-the-carpathians-conference\/","title":{"rendered":"32. konferencia Eur\u00f3pa Karp\u00e1t"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00daVOD<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marek Kuchci\u0144ski<\/strong>
Parlamentn\u00e1 diplomacia je medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e1 \u010dinnos\u0165, ktor\u00fa vykon\u00e1va Sejm a
Sen\u00e1tu, ktor\u00fd presahuje r\u00e1mec \u0161tandardnej v\u00fdkonnej diplomacie.
V 21. storo\u010d\u00ed sa Sejm \u010doraz viac podie\u013ea na formovan\u00ed po\u013eskej zahrani\u010dnej politiky
pr\u00e1ve prostredn\u00edctvom parlamentnej diplomacie. V diplomatick\u00fdch aktivit\u00e1ch vl\u00e1dy a parlamentu s\u00fa zjavn\u00e9 rozdiely. Vl\u00e1dni diplomati (ve\u013evyslanci,
konzulov), ktor\u00ed neust\u00e1le pracuj\u00fa v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Uzatv\u00e1raj\u00fa dohody a prij\u00edmaj\u00fa z\u00e1v\u00e4zky
v mene org\u00e1nov pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu a niekedy s\u00fa obe\u0165ami zhor\u0161uj\u00facich sa vz\u0165ahov medzi \u0161t\u00e1tmi. Pr\u00edkladom je nap\u00e4tie medzi \u010desk\u00fdm
republiky a Ruska, ku ktorej do\u0161lo po tom, ako sa preuk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee agenti ruskej arm\u00e1dy
spravodajsk\u00e1 slu\u017eba vykonala v roku 2014 diverziu v \u010desk\u00fdch zbroj\u00e1rskych z\u00e1vodoch.
Na druhej strane poslanci zastupuj\u00fa aj \u0161t\u00e1tnu in\u0161tit\u00faciu - Sejm - a konaj\u00fa otvorenej\u0161ie a
v tzv. m\u00e4kkej diplomacii, ktor\u00e1 spo\u010d\u00edva v rozhovoroch, presvied\u010dan\u00ed, lobovan\u00ed a vytv\u00e1ran\u00ed
pozit\u00edvnu atmosf\u00e9ru pre spolupr\u00e1cu. Niekedy v diskusi\u00e1ch prezentuj\u00fa r\u00f4zne
n\u00e1zory na parlamentn\u00fa spolupr\u00e1cu. Pr\u00edkladom s\u00fa r\u00f4zne pr\u00edstupy
r\u00f4znych frakci\u00ed v po\u013eskom parlamente na miesto Po\u013eska v E\u00da. Z\u00e1stupcovia
\u013eavi\u010diari a liber\u00e1li s\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou za posilnenie centr\u00e1lnej moci E\u00da prostredn\u00edctvom
prinies\u0165 tzv. federaliz\u00e1ciu \u00danie, t. j. podstatn\u00e9 zmen\u0161enie
\u00faloha \u010dlensk\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov. Na druhej strane, pravica je za zachovanie E\u00da
ako zv\u00e4zok suver\u00e9nnych \u0161t\u00e1tov organizovan\u00fdch pod\u013ea vzoru konfeder\u00e1cie, v ktorom
s\u00fa oblasti verejn\u00e9ho \u017eivota, za ktor\u00e9 je zodpovedn\u00fd len vn\u00fatro\u0161t\u00e1tny org\u00e1n. Preto,
presadzuje posilnenie \u00falohy n\u00e1rodn\u00fdch parlamentov \u010dlensk\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov.
Priame zapojenie parlamentnej diplomacie do zahrani\u010dnej politiky \u0161t\u00e1tov m\u00e1
sa v posledn\u00fdch rokoch zv\u00fd\u0161il. Tu je nieko\u013eko d\u00f4vodov tohto procesu. Po prv\u00e9, globaliz\u00e1cia,
r\u00fdchlej\u0161\u00ed tok inform\u00e1ci\u00ed medzi \u013eu\u010fmi a rast\u00faca diverzifik\u00e1cia medzin\u00e1rodnej komunik\u00e1cie (popri tradi\u010dnej diplomacii sa rozv\u00edja aj ekonomick\u00e1, kult\u00farna a parlamentn\u00e1 diplomacia). Po druh\u00e9, za posledn\u00fdch 30 rokov nastali v strednej Eur\u00f3pe kritick\u00e9 politick\u00e9 zmeny. Po rozpade ZSSR a Juhosl\u00e1vie viac ako 20 kraj\u00edn znovu z\u00edskalo svoju nez\u00e1vislos\u0165 a vytvorili suver\u00e9nne \u0161trukt\u00fary, ktor\u00e9 upevnili svoju slobodu. V rokoch 2004 a 2008 sa niektor\u00e9 z t\u00fdchto kraj\u00edn pripojili k Eur\u00f3pe
\u00dania. Po tretie, aby mohli krajiny troch mor\u00ed vst\u00fapi\u0165 do E\u00da, dobrovo\u013ene s\u00fahlasili s t\u00fdm, \u017ee
stratili pribli\u017ene 60 % svojich pr\u00e1vomoc\u00ed, v d\u00f4sledku \u010doho sa parlamenty t\u00fdchto kraj\u00edn
krajiny zn\u00ed\u017eili svoju suverenitu. Z tohto d\u00f4vodu sa n\u00e1rodn\u00e9 parlamenty sna\u017eia
posilni\u0165 ich \u00falohu ako z\u00e1stupcu suver\u00e9na, \u013eudu. \u0160tvrt\u00fd faktor
je nezn\u00e1ma bud\u00facnos\u0165 Eur\u00f3py a za\u010dat\u00e1 diskusia o bud\u00facnosti E\u00da,
vyvolan\u00e1 snahou najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch kraj\u00edn (t. j. Nemecka a Franc\u00fazska) ulo\u017ei\u0165
in\u00e9 koncepciu \"viacr\u00fdchlostnej Eur\u00f3py\", ktor\u00e1 zah\u0155\u0148a zavedenie tzv.
\"\u010dlenstvo\", s ktor\u00fdm nes\u00fahlasia poslanci mnoh\u00fdch kraj\u00edn. \u010eal\u0161ia str\u00e1nka
faktorom je imperi\u00e1lny postoj Putinovho Ruska vo\u010di stredoeur\u00f3pskym krajin\u00e1m
a nedostatok rozhodnej reakcie org\u00e1nov E\u00da na tieto hrozby. \u010eal\u0161\u00edm argumentom je \u00fasilie zdola o rozvoj parlamentnej spolupr\u00e1ce medzi
Stredoeur\u00f3pske \u0161t\u00e1ty po vzore kraj\u00edn Beneluxu alebo seversk\u00fdch kraj\u00edn
Rady a vytvori\u0165 sie\u0165 medziparlamentnej spolupr\u00e1ce.
Parlamentn\u00e1 diplomacia sa stala obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 v\u00fdznamnou v \u00f4smom Sejme,
2015\u2013 2019. Tradi\u010dn\u00e9 formy medziparlamentnej \u010dinnosti, ak\u00fdmi s\u00fa bilater\u00e1lne skupiny, t\u00edmy resp.
parlamentn\u00fdch zhroma\u017eden\u00ed v r\u00e1mci multilater\u00e1lnej spolupr\u00e1ce, boli posilnen\u00e9. Nov\u00e9 form\u00e1ty, ako s\u00fa parlamentn\u00e9 samity strednej a v\u00fdchodnej Eur\u00f3py,
a vznikla konferencia \"Eur\u00f3pa Karp\u00e1t\".
Medzi najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie formy parlamentnej diplomacie patria:<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u25a0 bilater\u00e1lna (dvojstrann\u00e1) spolupr\u00e1ca, ktor\u00e1 sa del\u00ed na dva typy - dobrovo\u013en\u00e9 skupiny
alebo parlamentn\u00e9 zhroma\u017edenia;
\u25a0 multilater\u00e1lna spolupr\u00e1ca, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 tie\u017e r\u00f4zny charakter - od st\u00e1lych deleg\u00e1ci\u00ed
(parlamentn\u00e9 zhroma\u017edenia) k form\u00e1m, ako s\u00fa OBSE, NATO, Vy\u0161ehradsk\u00e1 skupina
Skupina Tri moria a Bukure\u0161tsk\u00e1 deviatka.
Od roku 2011 je Sejm organiz\u00e1torom konferencie \"Eur\u00f3pa Karp\u00e1t\" - cyklick\u00e9ho stretnutia z\u00e1stupcov r\u00f4znych in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed a organiz\u00e1ci\u00ed
z kraj\u00edn strednej Eur\u00f3py v roku 2016.
Medzi najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie formy parlamentnej diplomacie \u00f4smeho volebn\u00e9ho obdobia (2015-2019) patr\u00ed bilater\u00e1lna spolupr\u00e1ca, ktor\u00e1 nadobudla osobitn\u00fd v\u00fdznam
s tromi krajinami:
Formy spolupr\u00e1ce v r\u00e1mci parlamentnej diplomacie<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25a0 Po\u013esko \u2013 Ma\u010farsko \u2013 t\u00e1to spolupr\u00e1ca bola pov\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 na \u00farove\u0148 strategickej spolupr\u00e1ce,
t. j. spolo\u010dn\u00e9 ur\u010dovanie medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdch aktiv\u00edt v strednej Eur\u00f3pe a najm\u00e4 na
na \u00farovni Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie;
Po\u013esko-Litva - pr\u00edkladom \u00faspe\u0161nej parlamentnej diplomacie bolo v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zlep\u0161enie po\u013esko-litovsk\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov;
\u25a0 Po\u013esko-Gruz\u00ednsko - v roku 2017 sa vo Var\u0161ave uskuto\u010dnilo stretnutie s prezidentom Gruz\u00ednska a
s predsedom gruz\u00ednskeho parlamentu nasledovalo r\u00fdchle podp\u00edsanie dohody o strategickej spolupr\u00e1ci, ktor\u00e1 vy\u00fastila do zvolania prv\u00e9ho po\u013esko-gruz\u00ednskeho
Parlamentn\u00e9 zhroma\u017edenie v roku 2019.
Pokia\u013e ide o multilater\u00e1lnu spolupr\u00e1cu, je potrebn\u00e9 zd\u00f4razni\u0165 nov\u00e9 form\u00e1ty alebo form\u00e1ty
u\u017e na mieste, ktor\u00e9ho \u00faloha sa zv\u00fd\u0161ila: Vy\u0161ehradsk\u00e1 skupina, EUROWAW, Tri moria
a \"Eur\u00f3pa Karp\u00e1t\".
Vy\u0161ehradsk\u00e1 skupina (V4) - zdru\u017euje Po\u013esko, Ma\u010farsko, \u010cesk\u00fa republiku
a na Slovensku. Jej cie\u013eom je zintenz\u00edvni\u0165 spolupr\u00e1cu medzi t\u00fdmito krajinami v r\u00e1mci eur\u00f3pskeho
politick\u00fd, hospod\u00e1rsky, bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fd a legislat\u00edvny syst\u00e9m. Medzi jej ciele patr\u00ed posilnenie suverenity, demokracie a slobody v regi\u00f3ne, budovanie parlamentnej demokracie a modern\u00e9ho trhov\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1rstva. Krajiny V4 chc\u00fa tie\u017e zintenz\u00edvni\u0165 politick\u00fa,
hospod\u00e1rsku a kult\u00farnu spolupr\u00e1cu v celej strednej Eur\u00f3pe.
EUROWAW alebo parlamentn\u00e9 samity strednej a v\u00fdchodnej Eur\u00f3py -
My\u0161lienka tohto form\u00e1tu sa zrodila z presved\u010denia, \u017ee v na\u0161ej \u010dasti Eur\u00f3py by sa parlamentn\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ca nemala obmedzova\u0165 len na Eur\u00f3psku \u00faniu, t. j. na tri
Moria alebo krajiny V4. Ve\u010f na v\u00fdchod od na\u0161ich hran\u00edc s\u00fa eur\u00f3pske krajiny
ktor\u00e9 nemaj\u00fa dostato\u010dn\u00e9 kapacity na to, aby sa rozv\u00edjali tak r\u00fdchlo ako krajiny E\u00da. Tieto str\u00e1nky
krajiny s\u00fa vystaven\u00e9 agresii Putinovho imp\u00e9ria a mali by by\u0165 podporovan\u00e9 v
v mene solidarity a presved\u010denia, \u017ee v\u0161etci tvor\u00edme jednu ve\u013ek\u00fa eur\u00f3psku rodinu.
Tri moria - je spolupr\u00e1ca 12 kraj\u00edn E\u00da v oblasti rozvoja infra\u0161trukt\u00fary, spolupr\u00e1ce v energetike a digitaliz\u00e1cie. Krajiny vytvorili iniciat\u00edvu Tri moria
Fond na podporu spolo\u010dn\u00fdch projektov. Hlavn\u00fdmi oblas\u0165ami z\u00e1ujmu s\u00fa rozvoj komunik\u00e1cie, energetika a digitaliz\u00e1cia. Forma spolupr\u00e1ce bola vytvoren\u00e1 pred nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi rokmi
pred rokom na podnet prezidentov Chorv\u00e1tska a Po\u013eska v d\u00f4sledku rast\u00facej
z\u00e1ujem o spolupr\u00e1cu v na\u0161ej \u010dasti Eur\u00f3py. V poslednom \u010dase sa vyv\u00edja \u00fasilie aj o
zriadi\u0165 parlamentn\u00e9 f\u00f3rum troch mor\u00ed.
\"Eur\u00f3pa Karp\u00e1t\" - je s\u00e9ria medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdch konferenci\u00ed organizovan\u00fdch
po\u013esk\u00fd Sejm v spolupr\u00e1ci s r\u00f4znymi in\u0161tit\u00faciami. Tieto stretnutia rozv\u00edjaj\u00fa my\u0161lienku spolupr\u00e1ce medzi karpatsk\u00fdmi krajinami a u\u017e nieko\u013eko rokov aj medzi cel\u00fdm
strednej Eur\u00f3py. Konferencie sa konaj\u00fa na r\u00f4znych miestach: ka\u017edoro\u010dne v Przemy\u015bli
a Krasiczyn, doned\u00e1vna v Krynica-Zdr\u00f3j a teraz v Karpaczi, v Regiet\u00f3we v
N\u00edzke Beskydy, niekedy v zahrani\u010d\u00ed v Truskavci na Ukrajine alebo v S\u00e1rospataku v Ma\u010farsku.
Medzi \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkmi s\u00fa z\u00e1stupcovia vl\u00e1d a parlamentov, miestnych org\u00e1nov a vedeck\u00fdch in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed, \u0161tudenti, mimovl\u00e1dne organiz\u00e1cie, intelektu\u00e1li a umelci, ako aj
oby\u010dajn\u00ed \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed chc\u00fa pracova\u0165 pre trvalo udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fd rozvoj Karp\u00e1t a Eur\u00f3py.
\u00da\u010dastn\u00edci diskutuj\u00fa o spolo\u010dnom dedi\u010dstve, politike, spolupr\u00e1ci medzi \u0161t\u00e1tmi, hospod\u00e1rstve a civiliza\u010dn\u00fdch ide\u00e1ch, soci\u00e1lnych ot\u00e1zkach a jedine\u010dnom bohatstve kult\u00fary a
charakter na\u0161ej \u010dasti Eur\u00f3py. Po\u010das diskusi\u00ed sa objavili zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 n\u00e1pady: n\u00e1vrh na zalo\u017eenie Karpatskej univerzity, zostavenie Karpatskej encyklop\u00e9die alebo
spolupr\u00e1ca medzi viacer\u00fdmi univerzitami v r\u00e1mci projektu Collegium Carpathicum.
V\u00fdsledkom stretnut\u00ed politikov a vedcov bolo aj \u00fasilie o zalo\u017eenie Karpatsk\u00e9ho
Strat\u00e9gia, ktor\u00e1 po vzore Dunajskej, Alpskej alebo Baltskej strat\u00e9gie,
by pomohlo pri trvalo udr\u017eate\u013enom rozvoji Karp\u00e1t. Na konferencii 2020 skupina viac ako 100 \u0161tudentov z r\u00f4znych kraj\u00edn (od Gr\u00e9cka po Loty\u0161sko) predstavila n\u00e1vrhy na vyu\u017eitie \u00fazemia pozd\u013a\u017e r\u00fdchlostnej cesty Via Carpathia, ktor\u00e1 sp\u00e1ja severn\u00fa a ju\u017en\u00fa Eur\u00f3pu, ako aj my\u0161lienku Crimson Route, zo Sol\u00fana sa nach\u00e1dza Klajpeda, ktor\u00e1 patr\u00ed medzi pamiatky eur\u00f3pskej kult\u00fary.
Na jar 2021, po\u010das online konferencie, bol nezanedbate\u013en\u00fdm vrcholom
\"Pozdravy svetu\", ktor\u00e9 sa posielaj\u00fa z r\u00f4znych miest Karp\u00e1t vo forme
kr\u00e1tkych nahr\u00e1vok \u0161\u00edren\u00fdch online. Vystupovali v nich \u013eudia z r\u00f4znych regi\u00f3nov:
umelci, horolezci, \u0161portovci, horsk\u00ed z\u00e1chran\u00e1ri, region\u00e1lne kapely, \u013eudov\u00ed umelci, environmentalisti a politici. Zrodila sa aj my\u0161lienka zap\u00edsa\u0165 cel\u00e9 Karpaty do zoznamu UNESCO a spustila sa propag\u00e1cia ekologick\u00e9ho sloganu \u201eKarpaty bez plastu\u201c. \u201eEur\u00f3pa Karp\u00e1t\u201c sa stala ob\u013e\u00fabenou formou parlamentnej \u010dinnosti pre v\u0161etky kruhy ochotn\u00e9 spolupracova\u0165.
Odovzd\u00e1vame publik\u00e1ciu s popisom diskusn\u00fdch panelov
z konferencie \"Eur\u00f3pa Karp\u00e1t\", ktor\u00e1 sa konala vo febru\u00e1ri 2022 v Krasiczyne,
obohaten\u00e9 o \u00favodn\u00e9 texty o ot\u00e1zkach, ktor\u00e9 sprev\u00e1dzali stretnutia
u\u017e mnoho rokov a ktor\u00fdm sa budeme venova\u0165 po\u010das bud\u00facich ro\u010dn\u00edkov konferencie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

32. konferencia Eur\u00f3pa Karp\u00e1t<\/a>Stiahnite si<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

WST\u0118P Marek Kuchci\u0144skiParliamentary diplomacy is the international activity carried out by the Sejm and theSenate that goes beyond standard executive diplomacy.In the 21st century, the Sejm is increasingly involved in shaping Poland\u2019s foreign policyprecisely through parliamentary diplomacy. There are apparent differences in the diplomatic activities of the government and parliament. Government diplomats (ambassadors,consuls) constantly work […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":27244,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[196,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publikacje","category-wydarzenia"],"yoast_head":"\n32. Europe of the Carpathians Conference – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/sk\/wydarzenia\/32-europe-of-the-carpathians-conference\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"32. Europe of the Carpathians Conference – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"WST\u0118P Marek Kuchci\u0144skiParliamentary diplomacy is the international activity carried out by the Sejm and theSenate that goes beyond standard executive diplomacy.In the 21st century, the Sejm is increasingly involved in shaping Poland\u2019s foreign policyprecisely through parliamentary diplomacy. There are apparent differences in the diplomatic activities of the government and parliament. 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