{"id":15992,"date":"2019-06-04T15:58:23","date_gmt":"2019-06-04T13:58:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/?p=15992"},"modified":"2019-06-04T20:42:30","modified_gmt":"2019-06-04T18:42:30","slug":"marek-kuchcinski-o-wyborach-89-to-byl-poczatek-wielkich-przemian-co-bylo-niemozliwe-stalo-sie-mozliwe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/sk\/wydarzenia\/marek-kuchcinski-o-wyborach-89-to-byl-poczatek-wielkich-przemian-co-bylo-niemozliwe-stalo-sie-mozliwe\/","title":{"rendered":"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski o vo\u013eb\u00e1ch v roku 89: Bol to za\u010diatok ve\u013ek\u00fdch zmien. \u010co bolo nemo\u017en\u00e9, stalo sa mo\u017en\u00fdm!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prezident Andrzej Duda, predseda Sejmu Marek Kuchci\u0144ski, predseda Sen\u00e1tu Stanis\u0142aw Karczewski a premi\u00e9r Mateusz Morawiecki vyst\u00fapili s prejavom na oslav\u00e1ch 30. v\u00fdro\u010dia slobodn\u00fdch volieb do po\u013esk\u00e9ho Sen\u00e1tu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00edhovor predsedu Sejmu Mareka Kuchci\u0144sk\u00e9ho: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pred tridsiatimi rokmi, <\/strong>v na\u0161ej krajine sa konali vo\u013eby, ktor\u00e9 sa po dlh\u00fdch rokoch komunistickej poroby a absencie plnej n\u00e1rodnej suverenity stali prelomovou udalos\u0165ou v procese znovuz\u00edskania slobody Po\u013eska. C\u00edtili sme rados\u0165 a hrdos\u0165 z dosiahnut\u00e9ho v\u00ed\u0165azstva. Hoci v tom \u010dase bola nez\u00e1vislos\u0165 republiky e\u0161te ve\u013emi nejasn\u00e1, dnes m\u00f4\u017eeme jasne vidie\u0165 v\u00fdznam t\u00fdchto volieb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Treba pripomen\u00fa\u0165, \u017ee priebeh t\u00fdchto volieb bol \u00fapln\u00fdm prekvapen\u00edm pre komunistick\u00e9 org\u00e1ny, ktor\u00e9 plne ovl\u00e1dali masm\u00e9di\u00e1, mali obrovsk\u00fa materi\u00e1lnu z\u00e1klad\u0148u a boli schopn\u00e9 r\u00fdchlo nasadi\u0165 stovky vy\u0161kolen\u00fdch funkcion\u00e1rov na vedenie vlastnej volebnej kampane. Boli to len \u010diasto\u010dne slobodn\u00e9 vo\u013eby, preto\u017ee dohody tzv. okr\u00fahleho stola stanovili opoz\u00edcii kv\u00f3tu 35 % v Sejme a slobodn\u00e9 vo\u013eby do Sen\u00e1tu. Opoz\u00edcii sa v\u0161ak v r\u00e1mci spom\u00ednanej dohody podarilo dosta\u0165 do Sejmu v\u0161etk\u00fdch poslancov a Sen\u00e1t sa stal \u00faplne bez z\u00e1stupcov komunistickej vl\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V rozpore s o\u010dak\u00e1vaniami vl\u00e1dnucich predstavite\u013eov sa kruhy podporuj\u00face nez\u00e1vislos\u0165, ktor\u00e9 sa po\u010das volieb s\u00fastredili v ob\u010dianskych v\u00fdboroch Solidarita, dok\u00e1zali v kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase vytvori\u0165 organiza\u010dn\u00fa z\u00e1klad\u0148u od z\u00e1kladov, navrhn\u00fa\u0165 kandid\u00e1tov do parlamentu a vies\u0165 v\u00ed\u0165azn\u00fa volebn\u00fa kampa\u0148. Verejnos\u0165 v\u00fdrazne podporila kandid\u00e1tov, ktor\u00fdch navrhli ob\u010dianske v\u00fdbory. Vyslovili sa tak za reformu a odmietnutie totalitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bol to za\u010diatok ve\u013ekej premeny<\/strong>. \u010co bolo\nnemo\u017en\u00e9 sa stalo mo\u017en\u00fdm!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Udalosti v Po\u013esku boli impulzom pre zmeny v mnoh\u00fdch susedn\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch a ovplyvnili aj rozpad Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu. Slobodn\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty susediace s Po\u013eskom vznikli v pomerne kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase: Litva, Loty\u0161sko, Bielorusko a Ukrajina. Padol Berl\u00ednsky m\u00far a Nemecko sa zjednotilo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Treba pripomen\u00fa\u0165, \u017ee j\u00fanov\u00fdm vo\u013eb\u00e1m predch\u00e1dzali hrdinsk\u00e9 povstania za nez\u00e1vislos\u0165 na\u0161ej krajiny. Vo\u013eby boli z\u00e1rove\u0148 n\u00e1vratom k na\u0161im ve\u013ek\u00fdm parlamentn\u00fdm trad\u00edci\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 siahaj\u00fa a\u017e do 15. storo\u010dia a ktor\u00fdch osobitn\u00fdm v\u00fddobytkom je \u00dastava 3. m\u00e1ja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cesta k j\u00fanov\u00fdm vo\u013eb\u00e1m v Po\u013esku od konca druhej svetovej vojny bola dlh\u00e1, trvala desa\u0165ro\u010dia, bola pln\u00e1 obet\u00ed a rozsiahlych bojov proti totalitnej moci, \u010dasto, \u017eia\u013e, krvav\u00fdch. Poliaci sa nikdy nezmierili so stratou nez\u00e1vislosti, preto\u017ee si uvedomovali, \u017ee Po\u013esk\u00e1 \u013eudov\u00e1 republika je \u0161t\u00e1tom s obmedzenou suverenitou. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1to situ\u00e1cia viedla k viacer\u00fdm protestom za nez\u00e1vislos\u0165. V rokoch 1944-53, po oper\u00e1cii B\u00farka, vypuklo protikomunistick\u00e9 povstanie. V roku 1956 sa odohrali udalosti, ktor\u00e9 historici ozna\u010duj\u00fa ako Pozna\u0148sk\u00fd j\u00fan. I\u0161lo nielen o prv\u00fd rozsiahly gener\u00e1lny \u0161trajk robotn\u00edkov, ale aj o miestne povstanie, pri ktorom boli zabit\u00e9 desiatky \u013eud\u00ed a ktor\u00e9 ur\u00fdchlilo udalosti po\u013esk\u00e9ho okt\u00f3bra. Solid\u00e1rne n\u00e1s podporilo Ma\u010farsko, ktor\u00e9 tie\u017e zaplatilo krvav\u00fa da\u0148. Potom v marci 1968 do\u0161lo vo Var\u0161ave a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch mest\u00e1ch k protikomunistick\u00fdm povstaniam - najprv \u0161tudentov a inteligencie, podporovanej aj stredo\u0161kol\u00e1kmi, a potom aj in\u00fdch soci\u00e1lnych skup\u00edn. Nasledovali hrdinsk\u00e9 \u010diny, ako napr\u00edklad sebaup\u00e1lenie Ryszarda Siwieca. O dva roky nesk\u00f4r do\u0161lo k \u0161trajkom a bojom robotn\u00edkov v Gdyni, Gdansku, \u0160tet\u00edne a Elbl\u0105gu. \u010eal\u0161ie protikomunistick\u00e9 povstania vypukli v roku 1976 v Radome a Ursuse. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na pozad\u00ed t\u00fdchto protestov a bojov sa zvolenie kardin\u00e1la Karola Wojtylu na Petrov stolec 16. okt\u00f3bra 1978 stalo ve\u013ekou n\u00e1dejou. J\u00e1n Pavol II. od za\u010diatku svojho ve\u013ek\u00e9ho pontifik\u00e1tu p\u00f4sobil na pokojn\u00e9 zmeny v Po\u013esku; osobitne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 bola prv\u00e1 p\u00fa\u0165 Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho Otca do vlasti v j\u00fani 1979 - po\u010das nej zazneli sl\u00e1vne slov\u00e1 na n\u00e1mest\u00ed Zwyci\u0119stwa, dnes n\u00e1mest\u00ed J\u00f3zefa Pi\u0142sudsk\u00e9ho: \"Vol\u00e1m, ja, syn po\u013eskej zeme, vol\u00e1m z celej h\u013abky tis\u00edcro\u010dia: Nech zost\u00fapi tvoj Duch a obnov\u00ed tv\u00e1r zeme. T\u00e1to zem!\"<\/em>. Po\u010das celej p\u00fate sa na sv\u00e4tej om\u0161i v mest\u00e1ch a dedin\u00e1ch na\u0161ej vlasti zhroma\u017edili mili\u00f3ny Poliakov. J\u00e1n Pavol II. vo svojich hom\u00edli\u00e1ch vyz\u00fdval na re\u0161pektovanie n\u00e1rodnej d\u00f4stojnosti a trad\u00edcie, hovoril o slobode v spolo\u010denskom \u017eivote a re\u0161pektovan\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch pr\u00e1v ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u010dloveka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O rok nesk\u00f4r, v auguste 1980, vypukli pam\u00e4tn\u00e9 \u0161trajky na pobre\u017e\u00ed a \u010doskoro v celej krajine. Ich v\u00fdsledkom bolo zalo\u017eenie odborovej organiz\u00e1cie Solidarita, nez\u00e1vislej od komunistickej vl\u00e1dy. \u010coskoro sa stala jedn\u00fdm z hlavn\u00fdch centier opoz\u00edcie proti komunistickej moci, rozr\u00e1stla sa na siln\u00fa organiz\u00e1ciu s desiatimi mili\u00f3nmi \u010dlenov a za\u010dala intenz\u00edvne bojova\u0165 za slobodu a demokratiz\u00e1ciu \u017eivota v \u0161t\u00e1te. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V reakcii na to bolo 13. decembra v celej krajine vyhl\u00e1sen\u00e9 stann\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo. Tento v podstate \u0161t\u00e1tny prevrat bol namieren\u00fd predov\u0161etk\u00fdm proti opozi\u010dn\u00fdm aktivistom vr\u00e1tane \u010dlenov Solidarity. Nasledovalo nieko\u013eko rokov represi\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 historici ozna\u010duj\u00fa ako po\u013esko-jaruzalemsk\u00fa vojnu.Do boja proti n\u00e1rodu bola nasaden\u00e1 arm\u00e1da, domobrana a tajn\u00e9 slu\u017eby - spolu asi mili\u00f3n \u013eud\u00ed. Zatkli tis\u00edce \u013eud\u00ed vr\u00e1tane ved\u00facich predstavite\u013eov Solidarity, ktor\u00ed boli internovan\u00ed. Robotn\u00edci a \u0161tudenti, ktor\u00ed sa pok\u00fa\u0161ali organizova\u0165 protesty, boli vystaven\u00ed tvrd\u00fdm represi\u00e1m a po\u010das pacifik\u00e1cie pracov\u00edsk, napr\u00edklad v bani Wujek, boli zabit\u00ed \u013eudia. Vyd\u00e1vanie opozi\u010dn\u00fdch \u010dasopisov a \u010dinnos\u0165 v\u0161etk\u00fdch odborov boli pozastaven\u00e9. Napriek tomu odpor spolo\u010dnosti pokra\u010doval a r\u00e1stol. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Opozi\u010dn\u00e1 \u010dinnos\u0165 pokra\u010dovala a\u017e do roku 1989 a bola pozna\u010den\u00e1 mnoh\u00fdmi obe\u0165ami, ako napr\u00edklad mu\u010den\u00edckou smr\u0165ou kapl\u00e1na Solidarity, otca Jerzyho Popie\u0142uszka, ktor\u00e9ho 19. okt\u00f3bra 1984 zavra\u017edili pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci bezpe\u010dnostnej slu\u017eby vo W\u0142oc\u0142awku. V d\u00f4sledku pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00faceho soci\u00e1lneho odporu a zhor\u0161uj\u00facej sa hospod\u00e1rskej situ\u00e1cie v krajine sa komunistick\u00e9 org\u00e1ny rozhodli za\u010da\u0165 rokovania s opoz\u00edciou v r\u00e1mci tzv. okr\u00fahleho stola, ktor\u00e9 okrem in\u00e9ho vy\u00fastili do vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00fdch doh\u00f4d o parlamentn\u00fdch vo\u013eb\u00e1ch. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u0161etky tieto skuto\u010dnosti je teraz potrebn\u00e9 pripomen\u00fa\u0165,\ne\u0161te raz zd\u00f4razni\u0165, ak\u00fd ve\u013ek\u00fd prelom znamenali j\u00fanov\u00e9 vo\u013eby\nv roku 1989.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na\u0161e dne\u0161n\u00e9 stretnutie je oslavou slobody Po\u013eska. Je to ve\u013ek\u00e1 oslava demokracie. Po\u013esko je dnes bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a rovnako ako ostatn\u00e9 krajiny strednej a v\u00fdchodnej Eur\u00f3py m\u00f4\u017eeme existova\u0165 len v podmienkach vz\u00e1jomnej d\u00f4very, \u00fazkej spolupr\u00e1ce a solidarity. Dnes je mnoho kraj\u00edn v tejto \u010dasti Eur\u00f3py spojen\u00fdch Eur\u00f3pskou \u00faniou a dohodou s NATO. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

J\u00fanov\u00e9 vo\u013eby, ktor\u00e9 znamenali za\u010diatok kr\u00e1snej, ve\u013ekolepej a predov\u0161etk\u00fdm nekrvavej jesene n\u00e1rodov v Eur\u00f3pe, zmenili tv\u00e1r Po\u013eska a cel\u00e9ho kontinentu. Studen\u00e1 vojna sa vtedy skon\u010dila, \u017eelezn\u00e1 opona bola definit\u00edvne zb\u00faran\u00e1 a jaltsk\u00fd poriadok sa zr\u00fatil. R\u00ed\u0161a zla, teda ZSSR, sa rozpadala a tento proces bol nezvratn\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Som r\u00e1d, \u017ee dnes spolo\u010dne oslavujeme tento ve\u013ek\u00fd de\u0148 demokracie pri pr\u00edle\u017eitosti 30. v\u00fdro\u010dia udalost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa pre Po\u013esko a Eur\u00f3pu obrovsk\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Foto: Marta Olejnik<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    Podczas uroczysto\u015bci zwi\u0105zanych z obchodami 30. rocznicy wolnych wybor\u00f3w do Senatu RP g\u0142os zabrali prezydent Andrzej Duda, marsza\u0142ek Sejmu Marek Kuchci\u0144ski, marsza\u0142ek Senatu Stanis\u0142aw Karczewski oraz premier Mateusz Morawiecki. Przem\u00f3wienie marsza\u0142ka Sejmu Marka Kuchci\u0144skiego: Trzydzie\u015bci lat temu, w naszym kraju, mia\u0142y miejsce wybory, kt\u00f3re po d\u0142ugich latach komunistycznego zniewolenia i braku pe\u0142nej suwerenno\u015bci pa\u0144stwa, sta\u0142y […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":16046,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[77,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15992","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wazne-daty","category-wydarzenia"],"yoast_head":"\nMarek Kuchci\u0144ski o wyborach '89: To by\u0142 pocz\u0105tek wielkich przemian. Co by\u0142o niemo\u017cliwe \u2013 sta\u0142o si\u0119 mo\u017cliwe! – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/sk\/wydarzenia\/marek-kuchcinski-o-wyborach-89-to-byl-poczatek-wielkich-przemian-co-bylo-niemozliwe-stalo-sie-mozliwe\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski o wyborach '89: To by\u0142 pocz\u0105tek wielkich przemian. Co by\u0142o niemo\u017cliwe \u2013 sta\u0142o si\u0119 mo\u017cliwe! – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Podczas uroczysto\u015bci zwi\u0105zanych z obchodami 30. rocznicy wolnych wybor\u00f3w do Senatu RP g\u0142os zabrali prezydent Andrzej Duda, marsza\u0142ek Sejmu Marek Kuchci\u0144ski, marsza\u0142ek Senatu Stanis\u0142aw Karczewski oraz premier Mateusz Morawiecki. Przem\u00f3wienie marsza\u0142ka Sejmu Marka Kuchci\u0144skiego: Trzydzie\u015bci lat temu, w naszym kraju, mia\u0142y miejsce wybory, kt\u00f3re po d\u0142ugich latach komunistycznego zniewolenia i braku pe\u0142nej suwerenno\u015bci pa\u0144stwa, sta\u0142y […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/sk\/wydarzenia\/marek-kuchcinski-o-wyborach-89-to-byl-poczatek-wielkich-przemian-co-bylo-niemozliwe-stalo-sie-mozliwe\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-06-04T13:58:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-06-04T18:42:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/m89-1024x6832.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"683\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Autor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 min\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wydarzenia\/marek-kuchcinski-o-wyborach-89-to-byl-poczatek-wielkich-przemian-co-bylo-niemozliwe-stalo-sie-mozliwe\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wydarzenia\/marek-kuchcinski-o-wyborach-89-to-byl-poczatek-wielkich-przemian-co-bylo-niemozliwe-stalo-sie-mozliwe\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6f62700996b4d950b6ea2d1183b6c6be\"},\"headline\":\"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski o wyborach ’89: To by\u0142 pocz\u0105tek wielkich przemian. 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