{"id":15982,"date":"2019-06-04T07:54:51","date_gmt":"2019-06-04T05:54:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/?p=15982"},"modified":"2019-06-04T08:02:43","modified_gmt":"2019-06-04T06:02:43","slug":"15982","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/sk\/wydarzenia\/15982\/","title":{"rendered":"\"Ako vy\u0161krtn\u00fa\u0165 svojho protivn\u00edka\" - Vo\u013eby '89"},"content":{"rendered":"
Rok\nRok 1989 bol pozna\u010den\u00fd predov\u0161etk\u00fdm j\u00fanov\u00fdmi vo\u013ebami. Hoci nie je \u00faplne slobodn\u00fd a hoci\nhoci je spojen\u00e1 s mnoh\u00fdmi kompromismi, prin\u00e1\u0161a ve\u013ek\u00fa n\u00e1dej a energiu.\nV protikomunistickom Przemy\u015bli neboli probl\u00e9my so zbieran\u00edm podpisov\nPrv\u00fdm bol list hnutiu Solidarita. Napriek pochybnostiam o dohode za okr\u00fahlym stolom\nNapriek pochybnostiam o dohod\u00e1ch pri okr\u00fahlom stole \u013eudia verili, \u017ee pr\u00eddu nov\u00e9, dobr\u00e9 \u010dasy. Predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faca neochota\nPredch\u00e1dzaj\u00faca nechu\u0165 hlasova\u0165 vo zmanipulovan\u00fdch vo\u013eb\u00e1ch do \u013eudov\u00e9ho\nnad\u0161enie, \u017ee v parlamente kone\u010dne zasadn\u00fa nov\u00ed \u013eudia. Kandid\u00e1ti strany Solidarita\nKandid\u00e1ti strany Solidarita mali program, o ktorom sa hovorilo doma, v pr\u00e1ci, na ulici.\nNa zozname nes\u00facom v\u00e1nok slobody boli \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed d\u00e1vali n\u00e1dej, \u017ee\nNa zozname, ktor\u00fd niesol z\u00e1van slobody, sa nach\u00e1dzali \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed d\u00e1vali n\u00e1dej, \u017ee po\u013esk\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1t, doteraz podriaden\u00fd ZSSR, z\u00edska sp\u00e4\u0165 svoju dlho o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fa slobodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marek\nKaminski, predseda region\u00e1lnej v\u00fdkonnej komisie NSZZ \"Solidarno\u015b\u0107\" v\nPrzemysl, bola N\u00e1rodn\u00e1 v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 komisia povinn\u00e1 zriadi\u0165 spolu s\nmiestnej Solidarity individu\u00e1lnych po\u013enohospod\u00e1rov na zalo\u017eenie ob\u010dianskeho v\u00fdboru\nSolidarita Przemy\u0161lsk\u00e9ho vojvodstva. Spolu s ved\u00facim po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej solidarity Janom\nKarusi, pozval 15 \u013eud\u00ed, vr\u00e1tane Mareka Kuchci\u0144sk\u00e9ho, aby sa k nemu pripojili.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ale\nprogram nie je v\u0161etko. Star\u00e1 moc sa dr\u017eala pevne. Mal pln\u00fa\nkontrolu nad \u0161t\u00e1tnymi m\u00e9diami, cel\u00fdm propagandistick\u00fdm apar\u00e1tom. S cie\u013eom oslovi\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed,\nbolo potrebn\u00e9 prenies\u0165 posolstvo za nez\u00e1vislos\u0165 priamo na ulicu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
- V j\u00fani 1989 bol Przemy\u015bl pravdepodobne naj\nmesto Przemy\u015bl bolo pravdepodobne najviac obrasten\u00e9 volebn\u00fdmi transparentmi opozi\u010dnej Solidarity a plag\u00e1tmi\nv celom Po\u013esku,\" pripom\u00edna Marek Kuchci\u0144ski. - Od prv\u00fdch dn\u00ed kampane bolo\nOd prv\u00fdch dn\u00ed kampane prebiehala v mest\u00e1ch a dedin\u00e1ch plag\u00e1tov\u00e1 vojna - na mieste\nzni\u010den\u00e9, zvy\u010dajne v noci, sa objavili nov\u00e9 plag\u00e1ty a transparenty, a stalo sa, \u017ee\nBoli \u010dasy, ke\u010f kancel\u00e1riu v Przemy\u015bli obliehali skupiny mlad\u00fdch distrib\u00fatorov, \u010dasto\nBoli tam aj skupinky mlad\u00fdch distrib\u00fatorov, \u010dasto det\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 balili plag\u00e1ty a let\u00e1ky do ruksakov. Jeden z let\u00e1kov, tzv,\n\"ako vy\u0161krtn\u00fa\u0165 svojho protivn\u00edka\" bol rozmno\u017een\u00fd v podzemnej tla\u010diarni v po\u010dte\n300 000 v\u00fdtla\u010dkov. V takejto atmosf\u00e9re sa s\u00faper, ktor\u00e9ho koal\u00edcia\n\u00farad \u00fadajne viedol cenzor z Przemy\u015bla, nielen\u017ee nemal \u0161ancu\nnielen\u017ee nemal \u0161ancu na v\u00ed\u0165azstvo, ale tie\u017e sa kompromitoval t\u00fdm, \u017ee sa sna\u017eil presved\u010di\u0165 voli\u010dov festivalmi\ns pivom a klob\u00e1sami rozd\u00e1van\u00fdmi za \"podpis podpory\" a s vymyslen\u00fdmi a\nhesl\u00e1 ako \"koal\u00edcia mus\u00ed vyhra\u0165, aby Po\u013esko neprehralo\" - pripom\u00edna mar\u0161\u00e1l.\nPo\u013esko nesmie prehra\u0165,\" pripom\u00edna predseda Sejmu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Przemysl\ndomy, obchody, st\u00e1nky Ruchu doslova zmizli pod nar\u00fdchlo nalepen\u00fdmi\nplag\u00e1ty. Bol to skuto\u010dn\u00fd boj. Vo volebnom \u0161t\u00e1be sa voda zmie\u0161ala s m\u00fakou,\nnahradi\u0165 skuto\u010dn\u00e9 lepidlo. Desiatky \u013eud\u00ed vy\u0161li do ul\u00edc\nsa sna\u017eili rozve\u0161a\u0165 let\u00e1ky na najvidite\u013enej\u0161\u00edch miestach. Nebolo to\njednoduch\u00e9. Niektor\u00ed majitelia obchodov sa b\u00e1li \u00faradov, sami strh\u00e1vali plag\u00e1ty, volali\ndomobrana. V meste sa objavili bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 hliadky a zni\u010dili\nreklamy. Zo \u0161tyroch tis\u00edc plag\u00e1tov a transparentov Solidarity strhli asi\n3 tis\u00edc! Vlajky solidarity boli tie\u017e strhnut\u00e9 a \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed tvrdili, \u017ee s\u00fa\n\u013eudia, ktor\u00ed sa vyd\u00e1vali za zamestnancov obchodn\u00e9ho oddelenia mestsk\u00e9ho \u00faradu, n\u00fatili mana\u017e\u00e9rov a predava\u010dov, aby\nmana\u017e\u00e9rov a predava\u010dov, aby odstr\u00e1nili plag\u00e1ty strany za slobodu z v\u00fdkladov obchodov. Zni\u010den\u00e9 boli\nVolebn\u00e9 ozn\u00e1menia Solidarity boli zni\u010den\u00e9 aj v Jaroslawi, Przeworsku a Lubaczowe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
W\nVo volebnej kampani sa ob\u010diansky v\u00fdbor zameral na vzdel\u00e1vanie v ter\u00e9ne a\notvorenos\u0165 vo\u010di ob\u010danom. Zapojila sa inteligencia, kult\u00farni \u013eudia a cirkev.\nSolidarita bola prezentovan\u00e1 ako zohrat\u00fd t\u00edm so spolo\u010dn\u00fdmi cie\u013emi. Aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo\naby sa predi\u0161lo rozdeleniu, bolo nominovan\u00fdch to\u013eko kandid\u00e1tov, ko\u013eko bolo miest. Pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa zvyknut\u00ed hlasova\u0165 za\nzvyknut\u00ed voli\u0165 \"jedin\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vneho kandid\u00e1ta\" z PZPR, KO\npripravili aj hlasovacie pr\u00edru\u010dky. Vo volebn\u00fdch bulletinoch\nVo volebn\u00fdch bulletinoch sa objavila v\u00fdzva: ob\u010dania podporte opoz\u00edciu, preto\u017ee \"ste to dl\u017en\u00ed\nDl\u017e\u00edte im to, preto\u017ee ich podpora znamen\u00e1 koniec vr\u00e1\u017ed, politick\u00fdch zn\u00e1silnen\u00ed, utrpenia...\".\n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vojna\nPlag\u00e1tov\u00e1 vojna vyvrcholila v noci pred vo\u013ebami. Str\u00e1nka\nStrana solidarity bola ur\u010den\u00e1. Cel\u00fa noc, takmer a\u017e do bled\u00e9ho \u00fasvitu, sa \u013eudia\ncel\u00fa noc, takmer a\u017e do svitania, v uli\u010dk\u00e1ch, pod oknami, na dvoroch, \u013eudia tajne\nozn\u00e1menia o vo\u013eb\u00e1ch. Ve\u013ek\u00e9 mest\u00e1, ako napr\u00edklad Var\u0161ava, na t\u00fato noc\nna t\u00fato noc dostali sl\u00e1vne plag\u00e1ty so \u0161erifom, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 namiesto hviezdy v klope odznak Solidarity\nOdznak solidarity na klope. Do Przemy\u015bla sa v\u0161ak nedostala. Namiesto toho tam boli \u010fal\u0161ie let\u00e1ky a\noznamy, zavesen\u00e9 s oddanos\u0165ou v\u0161ade, kde sa dalo. Kdeko\u013evek\nak to nebolo mo\u017en\u00e9, boli tie\u017e zavesen\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Skor\u00e9\nV nede\u013eu 4. j\u00fana 1989 sa v skor\u00fdch rann\u00fdch hodin\u00e1ch otvorili volebn\u00e9 miestnosti. \u00da\u010das\u0165\nsa odhaduje, \u017ee nie je pr\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1 - viac ako 10 mili\u00f3nov z 27 mili\u00f3nov opr\u00e1vnen\u00fdch\nz 27 mili\u00f3nov Poliakov, ktor\u00ed mali pr\u00e1vo voli\u0165. Bol to v\u00fdsledok pokroku\napatia spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e1 neverila, \u017ee vo\u013eby m\u00f4\u017eu nie\u010do zmeni\u0165. V celom\nV celej krajine vl\u00e1dla pokojn\u00e1 n\u00e1lada, nedo\u0161lo k \u017eiadnym nepokojom. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Odstrihnutie\nodrezan\u00fd od volebn\u00fdch miestnost\u00ed, s polhodinov\u00fdm vysielac\u00edm \u010dasom t\u00fd\u017edenne, opoz\u00edcia nemala celkom\nveril v to, \u010do sa malo sta\u0165: zo 161 kresiel v Sejme k dispoz\u00edcii\nv slobodn\u00fdch vo\u013eb\u00e1ch, z\u00edskala 160 v prvom kole a zvy\u0161n\u00fd kandid\u00e1t\npost\u00fapil do druh\u00e9ho kola. Zo 100 kresiel v Sen\u00e1te v prvom kole\nKandid\u00e1ti Solidarity z\u00edskali v prvom kole 92 zo 100 kresiel v Sen\u00e1te.\n\u0161tyria kandid\u00e1ti: Jan Musia\u0142 a Tadeusz Ulma za Sen\u00e1t, Tadeusz Trelka a\nJanusz Onyszkiewicz - za Sejm. Napriek takejto obrovskej soci\u00e1lnej podpore\nSolidarita bola pr\u00edli\u0161 slab\u00e1 na to, aby sama udr\u017eala opraty moci. Napriek tak\u00fdmto\n\u013dudia zo Solidarity neboli schopn\u00ed unies\u0165 bremeno zmien.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marek\nKami\u0144ski dnes hovor\u00ed: Oce\u0148ujem nekrvav\u00fd priebeh volieb, ale s tak\u00fdm\nmoc, v\u00fdhody a soci\u00e1lna podpora, Solidarita by mala ma\u0165 stanoven\u00e9 podmienky. M\u00e1m\nToho ve\u013emi \u013eutujem. Solidarita bola slab\u00e1 a ovl\u00e1dan\u00e1 komunistami. Nie\nV roku 85 sme si nev\u0161imli ani Wilczekov pohyb. Postavili do radu svojich vlastn\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, komunistov\ntla\u010dia do spolo\u010dnost\u00ed. Po\u010das stretnut\u00ed aj s Wa\u0142\u0119som, s ktor\u00fdm sme vtedy zaobch\u00e1dzali\nako jedin\u00fd vodca, nikdy som si nepredstavoval, \u017ee to boli \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed by i\u0161li do\nkomunistov do alianci\u00ed. Hanb\u00edm sa, \u017ee som s nimi vtedy sedel. Chceli sme\nPo\u013esk\u00e1 \u013eudov\u00e1 republika nebola nez\u00e1visl\u00fdm po\u013esk\u00fdm \u0161t\u00e1tom. Ako sme sa mali c\u00edti\u0165\nc\u00edti\u0165 zvolen\u00edm Jaruzelsk\u00e9ho za prezidenta Po\u013eska? - hovor\u00ed Kami\u0144ski. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tie\u017e\nJan Karu\u015b, ved\u00faci organiz\u00e1cie Solidarno\u015b\u0107 Rolnicza (Po\u013enohospod\u00e1rska solidarita), hovor\u00ed o udalostiach po roku 89\ndepres\u00edvny t\u00f3n o politickom h\u00e1dan\u00ed sa a zrovnopr\u00e1vnen\u00ed komunistov\nna n\u00e1rodnom majetku. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zvolen\u00e9\nPoslanci a sen\u00e1tori boli tie\u017e sklaman\u00ed. V \"Poh\u013eadoch z Przemy\u015bla\" z decembra\n1989, Marek Kuchci\u0144ski nap\u00edsal o nespokojnosti a netrpezlivosti spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e1 je ignorovan\u00e1\nzo strany \u00faradov, nedostatok inteligencie a bezmocnos\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nikto\nale nikto t\u00fato snahu ne\u013eutuje. T\u00ed, ktor\u00ed i\u0161li k vo\u013eb\u00e1m 4. j\u00fana\njednoducho chceli zvrhn\u00fa\u0165 komunizmus. Podarilo sa im to, ale zmeny nepri\u0161li \u013eahko a\nD\u00f4sledky vtedaj\u0161ej nedbanlivosti \u017eneme dodnes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- Po roku 89 sme za\u010dali prebera\u0165 zodpovednos\u0165 za \u0161t\u00e1t: na \u00farovni samospr\u00e1v, \u0161t\u00e1tnych a miestnych in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed. S odstupom \u010dasu m\u00f4\u017eeme poveda\u0165, \u017ee sme urobili v\u0161etko, \u010do sa v tom \u010dase dalo. O\u010dak\u00e1vali sme zmeny v \u0161t\u00e1tnej moci a boli sme sklaman\u00ed, ale to n\u00e1s neodradilo od pr\u00e1ce. Z dne\u0161n\u00e9ho poh\u013eadu to vyzer\u00e1 trochu inak: mal\u00e1 skupina \u013eud\u00ed dok\u00e1zala z\u00e1zraky a bojovala s komunizmom ako D\u00e1vid s Goli\u00e1\u0161om - pripom\u00edna Marek Kuchci\u0144ski. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marta Olejnik<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Rok 1989 bol predov\u0161etk\u00fdm rokom j\u00fanov\u00fdch volieb. Hoci neboli \u00faplne slobodn\u00e9 a boli spojen\u00e9 s mnoh\u00fdmi kompromismi, priniesli ve\u013ek\u00fa n\u00e1dej a energiu. V protikomunisticky naladenom Przemy\u015bli neboli probl\u00e9my so zbieran\u00edm podpisov pod zoznam Solidarity. Napriek pochybnostiam o usporiadan\u00ed okr\u00fahleho stola \u013eudia verili, \u017ee prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa nov\u00e9 dobr\u00e9 \u010dasy. Predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faca neochota voli\u0165 [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":15986,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,77,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15982","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-podkarpacie","category-wazne-daty","category-wydarzenia"],"yoast_head":"\n
"Jak skre\u015bli\u0107 przeciwnika" - wybory '89 – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/sk\/wydarzenia\/15982\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\""Jak skre\u015bli\u0107 przeciwnika" - wybory '89 – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rok 1989 to przede wszystkim wybory czerwcowe. Cho\u0107 nie w pe\u0142ni wolne, cho\u0107 zwi\u0105zane z wieloma kompromisami, to jednak nios\u0105ce ogromn\u0105 nadziej\u0119 i energi\u0119. W nastawionym antykomunistycznie Przemy\u015blu nie by\u0142o problem\u00f3w ze zbiorem podpis\u00f3w pod solidarno\u015bciow\u0105 list\u0105. 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