Amintiri din timpul revoltei de la Var\u0219ovia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nPe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce trecea luna iulie, \u0219tiam cu to\u021bii c\u0103 se apropie revolta. \u0218i germanii \u0219tiau asta. Ace\u0219tia \u00ee\u0219i preg\u0103tiser\u0103 din timp bunc\u0103re, amplasate \u00een apropierea pozi\u021biilor pe care le ocupau. Am prezis c\u0103 sovieticilor le va lua doar c\u00e2teva zile pentru a ajunge la por\u021bile Var\u0219oviei. Prima alarm\u0103 a venit la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii iulie. I-am adus pe cei trei comandan\u021bi de unitate la apartamentul meu din strada Wsp\u00f3lna nr. 13. A\u0219teptam un telefon de la comandament. Dup\u0103 c\u00e2teva ore de a\u0219teptare anevoioas\u0103, alarma a fost oprit\u0103. Toat\u0103 lumea s-a \u00eentors la casele lor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Urm\u0103toarea alert\u0103 a fost emis\u0103 la 1 august. S-a decis ca revolta s\u0103 \u00eenceap\u0103 la ora de v\u00e2rf, la ora cinci dup\u0103-amiaza. Mul\u021bimile de locuitori din Var\u0219ovia care se \u00eentorceau de la munc\u0103 trebuiau s\u0103 acopere insurgen\u021bii care se \u00eendreptau spre locurile lor. Ne-am \u00eent\u00e2lnit din nou \u00eentr-un apartament de pe strada Wsp\u00f3lna. \u00cempu\u0219c\u0103turile \u00eencepuser\u0103 deja mai devreme, c\u00e2nd insurgen\u021bii care transportau arme s-au ciocnit cu patrulele germane. La ora 17.00 au r\u0103sunat focuri de arm\u0103 \u00een toat\u0103 Var\u0219ovia. Telefonul meu era t\u0103cut \u0219i am a\u0219teptat \u0219i am a\u0219teptat. \u00cen jurul nostru erau deja lupte. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, i-am trimis pe comandan\u021bii de unit\u0103\u021bi \u00eenapoi la unit\u0103\u021bile lor pentru a se al\u0103tura oamenilor lor. Aveam telefoanele lor, dar i-am instruit s\u0103 se al\u0103ture celei mai apropiate unit\u0103\u021bi a Armatei Na\u021bionale. Nu aveam nicio arm\u0103. Am decis s\u0103 a\u0219tept \u00een continuare un telefon cu comenzi, cel pu\u021bin pentru mine. Au trecut c\u00e2teva ore \u0219i telefonul era \u00een continuare t\u0103cut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
De la o fereastr\u0103 de la ultimul etaj am v\u0103zut trei solda\u021bi germani \u00eenarma\u021bi din for\u021bele aeriene ale Luftwaffe, care \u00ee\u0219i fluturau cu dezinvoltur\u0103 armele pe o strad\u0103 goal\u0103. Au mers mai departe, \u00eendrept\u00e2ndu-se spre Plac Trzech Krzy\u017cy. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een ziua de azi regret c\u0103 nu le-am aruncat m\u0103car un ghiveci de flori \u00een cap. Am blocat rapid u\u0219a masiv\u0103 din fa\u021b\u0103, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 nu poat\u0103 intra. La scurt timp dup\u0103 aceea au plecat. \u00cen timpul nop\u021bii, m-am al\u0103turat unui grup de oameni care ridicau baricade din dalele mari de beton care formau odinioar\u0103 trotuarul. Unul dintre b\u0103rba\u021bi a spus c\u0103 tocmai se \u00eentorsese de pe strada Ho\u017ca, unde v\u0103zuse o unitate polonez\u0103 prelu\u00e2nd sediul poli\u021biei \"granat\". \u0218tiam unde se afl\u0103, pentru c\u0103 era sec\u021bia de poli\u021bie din cartierul nostru. Am urcat la etaj pentru a-mi lua r\u0103mas bun de la familie \u0219i am pornit \u00een c\u0103utarea acestei unit\u0103\u021bi. Traversarea celor dou\u0103 str\u0103zi principale, Marsza\u0142kowska \u0219i Pozna\u0144ska, era foarte riscant\u0103, pentru c\u0103 puteau fi patrulate de germani. Desigur, aveam casca de pompieri cu mine, dar nu mi-ar fi fost deosebit de util\u0103 \u00een cazul unei b\u0103t\u0103lii nocturne. Am str\u0103b\u0103tut rapid dou\u0103 str\u0103zi \u0219i am ajuns f\u0103r\u0103 probleme la sec\u021bia de poli\u021bie de pe strada Hoza. \"Caporal Andrzej la datorie\", i-am raportat comandantului companiei, Jur, care s-a dovedit a fi comandantul bazei aeriene. M-a \u00eent\u00e2mpinat \u0219i mi-a spus s\u0103 m\u0103 a\u0219ez l\u00e2ng\u0103 perete cu al\u021bii care, ca \u0219i mine, proveneau din unit\u0103\u021bi diferite \u0219i nu aveau arme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dup\u0103 un timp, cineva a venit cu informa\u021bia c\u0103 apartamentele din fa\u021ba cl\u0103dirii de pe strada Ho\u017ca nr. 62 fuseser\u0103 locuite anterior de ofi\u021beri Bahnschutz (poli\u021bia feroviar\u0103 german\u0103). Probabil c\u0103 nu mai era nici urm\u0103 de ei acolo, dar oricum trebuia verificat. \u00cen acel moment, cadetul Stec s-a \u00eentors dintr-o patrul\u0103 (\u00een Armata Na\u021bional\u0103, un cadet era o persoan\u0103 care absolvise o \u0219coal\u0103 de ofi\u021beri, dar care trebuia s\u0103 fac\u0103 un an de ucenicie \u00eenainte de a fi promovat sublocotenent). Acesta s-a oferit apoi s\u0103 mearg\u0103 s\u0103 o fac\u0103, dar avea nevoie de \u00eenc\u0103 un voluntar. Se p\u0103rea c\u0103 nu vor fi voluntari, la urma urmei nu aveam arme; apoi m-am oferit voluntar s\u0103 merg. M-au \u00eenarmat cu un \u021b\u00e2n\u021bar - un VIS polonez (calibru 9 mm, o copie a pistolului american Colt, fabricat la Radom), care fusese \"eliberat\" din m\u00e2inile poli\u021biei \"grenadei\", precum \u0219i cu o grenad\u0103 de m\u00e2n\u0103 polonez\u0103 de dinainte de r\u0103zboi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cl\u0103direa se afla la doar c\u00e2teva case distan\u021b\u0103. Am deschis u\u0219a mijlocului de transport \u0219i am fugit \u00een\u0103untru. Stec s-a dus s\u0103 verifice prima u\u0219\u0103 de la parter. S-a dovedit a fi \u00eencuiat\u0103, a\u0219a c\u0103 a \u00eenceput s\u0103 \u00eencerce s\u0103 o sparg\u0103. Am strigat: \"Opri\u021bi-v\u0103, ultimul etaj! Grenad\u0103 de m\u00e2n\u0103!\" A \u00een\u021beles c\u0103 trebuia s\u0103 \u00eencepem de la ultimul etaj, altfel cineva ar fi putut arunca grenade asupra noastr\u0103. Ne-am gr\u0103bit s\u0103 urc\u0103m la etaj. Cl\u0103direa era \u00eenalt\u0103, cu \u0219apte etaje. C\u00e2nd am ajuns \u00een v\u00e2rf, eram deja f\u0103r\u0103 suflare. Am verificat prima u\u0219\u0103. A fost \u00eenchis\u0103. Stec a f\u0103cut un pas \u00eenapoi \u0219i a \u00eencercat din nou s\u0103 for\u021beze u\u0219a s\u0103 se deschid\u0103. L-am oprit. Dac\u0103 ar fi fost cineva cu o arm\u0103 \u00een\u0103untru, ar fi fost mort p\u00e2n\u0103 acum. I-am ar\u0103tat cum s\u0103 d\u0103r\u00e2me u\u0219a \u021bin\u00e2nd cadrul u\u0219ii \u0219i tr\u0103g\u00e2nd rapid spre mine. \u00cen caz de focuri de arm\u0103 din interior, aruncam o grenad\u0103 de m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een\u0103untru. Aceast\u0103 cale a fost mai lent\u0103, dar mai sigur\u0103. Ne-a luat ceva timp s\u0103 deschidem toate u\u0219ile. Cl\u0103direa s-a dovedit a fi goal\u0103. Ne-am \u00eentors pentru a ne prezenta la Jur. Apoi a mutat acolo postul de comand\u0103 al companiei, deoarece era cea mai \u00eenalt\u0103 \u0219i mai solid\u0103 structur\u0103 din zon\u0103. Comanda principal\u0103 a fost amplasat\u0103 la parter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dup\u0103 ce s-a oferit voluntar pentru o ac\u021biune at\u00e2t de riscant\u0103, Jur trebuie s\u0103-\u0219i fi dat seama c\u0103 pot \u00eendeplini astfel de sarcini speciale \u0219i de atunci am participat la ele p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul R\u0103scoalei. La \u00eenceput mi s-a \u00eencredin\u021bat comanda unei unit\u0103\u021bi. Am devenit parte a Regimentului 1 sub comanda locotenentului Alex. Unitatea mea era format\u0103 din al\u021bi cinci voluntari care se \u00eenrolaser\u0103 de cur\u00e2nd \u00een Armata Na\u021bional\u0103 cu o sear\u0103 \u00eenainte. Acestea au fost: Vultur (Tadeusz Olechowski), Kajtek (J\u00f3zef Krzysztowski), Sp\u0142onka (Andrzej Paszewski) \u0219i Runner, al c\u0103rui nume nu l-am aflat niciodat\u0103, \u0219i o asistent\u0103 medical\u0103 al c\u0103rei nume nu mi-l amintesc, de\u0219i am cunoscut-o dup\u0103 r\u0103zboi. Orze\u0142 a fost ucenic de cizmar \u0219i un mare druid. Era ne\u00eenfricat. Kajtek apar\u021binea clasei de mijloc \u0219i era mereu speriat, dar se supunea oric\u0103rui ordin. I-am admirat curajul \u0219i devotamentul fa\u021b\u0103 de cauz\u0103. Orze\u0142 \u0219i Kajtek erau de v\u00e2rsta mea. \u00cei spuneam lui Splonka \"bunicul\", pentru c\u0103 el avea 30 de ani, \u00een timp ce noi ceilal\u021bi aveam 17 sau 18 ani. De asemenea, \u00een cazul lui Eagle, l-am numit cu un alt nume - \"Michael\". \u0102sta era numele lui adev\u0103rat? Nu \u0219tiu. Alerg\u0103torul, c\u0103ruia i-am dat casca mea de pompieri, s-a comportat exact ca orice alt copil din Var\u0219ovia. Era un b\u0103iat uimitor de inteligent. A disp\u0103rut foarte repede din fa\u021ba noastr\u0103. Cine \u0219tie dac\u0103 a fost ucis, sau dac\u0103 \u0219i-a g\u0103sit o ocupa\u021bie mai profitabil\u0103 pentru el, sau poate o unitate mai interesant\u0103?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Asistenta, care nu avea nici cea mai vag\u0103 idee despre meseria ei, a descoperit rapid c\u0103 unitatea mea era prea periculoas\u0103 pentru ea \u0219i a decis s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 aproape de comandamentul plutonului. De fapt, s-a dovedit c\u0103 acesta era cel mai bun loc pentru ea, deoarece putea s\u0103 \u00eenve\u021be no\u021biunile de baz\u0103 de prim ajutor de la celelalte asistente medicale de acolo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
La \u00eenceput am fost singura persoan\u0103 \u00eenarmat\u0103, av\u00e2nd \u00een posesie un \u021b\u00e2n\u021bar, un VIS de 9 mm. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, Orze\u0142 a primit un pistol de 7,65 sau 6,35 \"pentru doamne\", iar \u00eentreaga unitate a fost dotat\u0103 cu o singur\u0103 pu\u0219c\u0103 de infanterie francez\u0103 Berthier. Era o arm\u0103 frumoas\u0103, dar avea nevoie de muni\u021bie special\u0103 francez\u0103, de tipul celei \u00een form\u0103 de sticl\u0103. Aveam suficient doar pentru cinci sau \u0219ase runde. Arma a fost mai mult pentru spectacol. Am folosit-o \u00een timpul serviciului de paz\u0103. Treptat, am reu\u0219it s\u0103 fac rost de mai mult\u0103 muni\u021bie pentru arma mea. Orze\u0142 a avut, de asemenea, destul de mult. \u00cen timp am achizi\u021bionat o mul\u021bime de grenade de m\u00e2n\u0103, care erau produse \u00een principal de atelierul escadrilei. Explozibilii necesari au fost g\u0103si\u021bi \u00een muni\u021bia neexplodat\u0103 din Germania, care nu ducea lips\u0103. Poate c\u0103 acest lucru a demonstrat ineficien\u021ba ac\u021biunilor de sabotaj desf\u0103\u0219urate de muncitorii germani, to\u021bi speria\u021bi de bombardamentele Alia\u021bilor. \u00cen plus, am fost bine aproviziona\u021bi cu sticle de benzin\u0103. \u00cen\u0103untrul lor se aflau bandaje \u00eembibate \u00een ceva care, atunci c\u00e2nd a intrat \u00een contact cu benzina, a provocat o explozie. Sticlele explodau c\u00e2nd erau sparte, a\u0219a c\u0103 trebuia s\u0103 fii foarte atent c\u00e2nd le \u021bineai \u00een m\u00e2n\u0103. C\u00e2nd am g\u0103sit (sau ni s-a dat?) o lad\u0103 de lemn goal\u0103, cu un compartiment pentru sticlele de vodc\u0103 \u0219i m\u00e2nere din sfoar\u0103, am \u00eenceput s\u0103 o folosim pentru a transporta aceste amestecuri delicioase. De\u0219i unele dintre sticlele din lad\u0103 con\u021bineau vodc\u0103 adev\u0103rat\u0103, obi\u0219nuit\u0103, nu le-am confundat niciodat\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Num\u0103rul nostru p\u0103rea ridicol de mic. Unitatea mea era de m\u0103rime medie - \u00een compara\u021bie cu o companie \u00eentreag\u0103 sau chiar un batalion. \u00cen acel moment, compania Jura, care era deja a doua companie a batalionului Zaremba, era format\u0103 din 220 de solda\u021bi \u00eenarma\u021bi cu o mitralier\u0103 grea, o mitralier\u0103 u\u0219oar\u0103, 25 de pu\u0219ti, trei mitraliere \u0219i aproximativ 100 de pistoale (erau ceva mai multe, deoarece mul\u021bi insurgen\u021bi aveau propriile arme). \u00cen plus, nu mai aveam muni\u021bie. Asta a fost tot ce am putut s\u0103 lupt\u0103m, \u00eenfrunt\u00e2ndu-i pe germanii bine \u00eenarma\u021bi timp de 63 de zile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dup\u0103 ce ne-am al\u0103turat companiei Jura \u00een noaptea de 1 august 1944, a doua zi am fost muta\u021bi \u00een apartamentul prietenilor lui Stec (care locuiau \u00een apropiere), situat la intersec\u021bia str\u0103zilor Poznanska \u0219i Wsp\u00f3lna. Sarcina noastr\u0103 era s\u0103 observ\u0103m cl\u0103direa centralei telefonice ocupat\u0103 de germani, care se afla la o strad\u0103 distan\u021b\u0103 de strada Pozna\u0144ska, la col\u021bul cu strada Sf\u00e2nta Barbara. Cl\u0103direa, care avea 7 etaje \u0219i o construc\u021bie foarte solid\u0103, fusese transformat\u0103 \u00eentr-o fort\u0103rea\u021b\u0103 puternic\u0103. Chiar \u00een fa\u021b\u0103 a fost ridicat un bunc\u0103r cu o mitralier\u0103 grea, a c\u0103rei raz\u0103 de ac\u021biune acoperea \u00eentreaga lungime a str\u0103zii de la Pozna\u0144ska la Ho\u017ca. M\u0103 plimbam chiar pe aceste str\u0103zi \u00een acea noapte \u0219i am fost foarte norocos c\u0103 germanii nu au \u00eenceput s\u0103 trag\u0103, ceea ce li se \u00eent\u00e2mpla uneori chiar \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 \u021binteasc\u0103. \u00cen timpul zilei era o zon\u0103 de moarte. Traversarea Poznanska pe aceast\u0103 lungime era posibil\u0103 doar noaptea sau ocolind-o, travers\u00e2nd strada de jos. Stec ne-a prezentat acolo un cuplu de b\u0103tr\u00e2ni fermec\u0103tori, care vorbeau cu un fermec\u0103tor accent oriental. \u00cen apartamentul lor bogat decorat, pe podea se aflau minunate covoare orientale. Ne-am cur\u0103\u021bat cu grij\u0103 pantofii \u00eenainte de a intra \u00eentr-o camer\u0103 cu balcon, de unde aveam o priveli\u0219te minunat\u0103 asupra cl\u0103dirii centralei telefonice. Afar\u0103 erau ni\u0219te ghivece pe care le-am folosit pentru camuflaj. Am f\u0103cut cu r\u00e2ndul, fiecare c\u00e2te 30 de minute, iar \u00een acest timp proprietarii i-au invitat pe ceilal\u021bi la un mic dejun delicios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A fost o zi frumoas\u0103, \u00eensorit\u0103 \u0219i cald\u0103. Apoi nem\u021bii au \u00eenceput s\u0103 trag\u0103 cu mitraliera. Am crezut c\u0103 noi eram \u021binta. Am fugit la balcon \u0219i un insurgent speriat, care era \u00een tur\u0103 acolo, m-a asigurat c\u0103 se tr\u0103gea pe strada Poznanska. M-am uitat cu pruden\u021b\u0103 \u00een acea direc\u021bie \u0219i \u00een ochii mei a ap\u0103rut o femeie \u00eenc\u0103 \u00een mi\u0219care, \u00eentins\u0103 pe strad\u0103. Artileristul german a continuat s\u0103 trag\u0103 cu mitraliera, sf\u00e2\u0219iindu-i corpul \u00een buc\u0103\u021bi. Am fost \u00eengrozit\u0103. Aceasta a fost prima victim\u0103 pe care am v\u0103zut-o \u00een timpul R\u0103s\u0103ritului. Am aflat mai t\u00e2rziu c\u0103 ea fugise la copiii care r\u0103m\u0103seser\u0103 pe partea cealalt\u0103 a str\u0103zii. Oamenii no\u0219tri au \u00eencercat s\u0103 o opreasc\u0103, dar a reu\u0219it s\u0103 se elibereze. Nu a avut nicio \u0219ans\u0103. Distan\u021ba dintre ele era prea mic\u0103 pentru ca germanii s\u0103 nu le rateze. Am auzit c\u0103 copiii ei au primit o \u00eengrijire foarte bun\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul revoltei. I-am raportat ce s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat sergentului superior.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pentru o perioad\u0103 de timp pozi\u021bia noastr\u0103 a r\u0103mas lini\u0219tit\u0103. Restul Var\u0219oviei, pe de alt\u0103 parte, sem\u0103na cu un concert cu multe piane \u0219i tobe mari. A existat un schimb constant de focuri de arm\u0103 \u0219i ocazional explozii. Orchestra urma s\u0103 continue acest repertoriu pentru urm\u0103toarele dou\u0103 luni, cu scurte pauze doar noaptea. \u00centr-o zi am auzit o furie care sem\u0103na cu un motor de ma\u0219in\u0103. Sunetul era din ce \u00een ce mai puternic. Am fugit la balcon \u0219i m-am uitat afar\u0103. La intersec\u021bia str\u0103zilor Wsp\u00f3lna \u0219i Pozna\u0144ska se afla o ma\u0219in\u0103 blindat\u0103. A \u00eenceput s\u0103 trag\u0103 \u00een noi cu tunul s\u0103u. Am \u00een\u021beles c\u0103 \u021binta era baricada care f\u0103cea leg\u0103tura \u00eentre aceast\u0103 parte a str\u0103zii \u0219i un bloc de locuin\u021be, care ducea la o cl\u0103dire aflat\u0103 chiar vizavi de centrala telefonic\u0103. De acolo nu trebuia s\u0103 ne temem de un atac. Nu am putut face nimic. La acea vreme nu aveam \u00eenc\u0103 la dispozi\u021bie cocktailuri Molotov pe care s\u0103 le arunc\u0103m asupra blindatelor. \u0218i nici nu aveam alte pozi\u021bii \u00een afar\u0103 de cea pe care o ocupam la acel col\u021b de strad\u0103. Dup\u0103 c\u00e2teva focuri de arm\u0103, ma\u0219ina blindat\u0103 s-a \u00eentors \u0219i a plecat. Sergentul major a fugit la balcon \u0219i a tras c\u00e2teva focuri de arm\u0103 asupra germanilor care plecau deja cu ma\u0219ina blindat\u0103. A fost un pic stupid, de\u0219i \u00een acea situa\u021bie era de \u00een\u021beles. Din acea zi nu l-am mai v\u0103zut niciodat\u0103 \"pe front\". \u00cen acel moment am preluat comanda unit\u0103\u021bii noastre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00cen cele din urm\u0103, unitatea mea era format\u0103 din: \"Sp\u0142onka\" (Andrzej Paszewski), \"Kajtek\" (Jozef Krzysztowski) \u0219i \"Orze\u0142\", numit Michael (Tadeusz Olechowski), iar eu \"Andrzej\" (conform fotografiei pe care am p\u0103strat-o p\u00e2n\u0103 ast\u0103zi). Armele noastre se terminau. Aveam un pistol de 9 mm cu 100 de cartu\u0219e, dar cu un singur \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103tor. Micha\u0142 (Orze\u0142) era \u00eenarmat cu un pistol mic, de 6 sau 7 mm, iar bunicul \u0219i Kajtek aveau doar grenade. Mai t\u00e2rziu, bine\u00een\u021beles, am avut \u0219i cocteiluri Molotov, din care aveam cantit\u0103\u021bi considerabile \u0219i care, de\u0219i utile \u00een luptele de strad\u0103 normale, nu erau foarte utile \u00eempotriva unui inamic foarte bine \u00eenarmat cu pu\u0219ti u\u0219oare sau mitraliere \u0219i arunc\u0103toare (ca s\u0103 nu mai vorbim de artileria grea). Dup\u0103 cum am men\u021bionat deja, aveam \u0219i frumoasa pu\u0219c\u0103 Berthier a infanteriei franceze, dar am folosit-o rar, doar pentru spectacol, deoarece aveam doar 6 cartu\u0219e pentru ea. Abia recent am aflat c\u0103 tehnicienii no\u0219tri au reu\u0219it s\u0103 adapteze aceast\u0103 pu\u0219c\u0103 la muni\u021bia noastr\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00cen acea noapte ni s-a ordonat s\u0103 ne mut\u0103m \u00eentr-un apartament la etajul al doilea al cl\u0103dirii de la intersec\u021bia str\u0103zilor Wsp\u00f3lna \u0219i Pozna\u0144ska. Avea un balcon cu vedere spre strada Wsp\u00f3lna. Trebuia s\u0103 construim un bunc\u0103r acolo \u0219i am primit numeroase provizii de saci cu nisip. Locuitorii locali s-au dovedit a fi dornici s\u0103 ajute. Singura problem\u0103 era c\u0103 balconul se afla sub tirul aproape constant al \"Front Leitstelle\" (locul de transfer pentru germanii care a\u0219teptau provizii de pe Frontul de Est), care se afla la c\u00e2teva str\u0103zi de al nostru. Germanii ne bombardau din pozi\u021bii mai \u00eenalte, iar obuzele lor loveau podeaua balconului \u0219i f\u0103ceau sc\u00e2ntei pe ea. Nimeni nu a \u00eencercat m\u0103car s\u0103 care saci de nisip grei sub un asemenea foc. Ar\u0103ta terifiant. Din fericire, era o noapte foarte \u00eentunecat\u0103. Probabil c\u0103 germanii au observat ceva mi\u0219care pe balcon \u00een timpul zilei \u0219i \u0219i-au \u00eendreptat mitraliera spre o anumit\u0103 \u021bint\u0103. Am observat c\u0103 gloan\u021bele lor lovesc mereu \u00een acela\u0219i loc. Dup\u0103 c\u00e2teva focuri de arm\u0103, se opreau din tras \u0219i apoi \u00eencepeau din nou. Treaba mea era s\u0103 fac ceva \u00een acest sens. A\u0219a c\u0103 am a\u0219teptat o pauz\u0103, am luat o \u00eenghi\u021bitur\u0103 de vodc\u0103 \u0219i am pus primul sac de nisip l\u00e2ng\u0103 u\u0219a de la balcon. Observasem mai devreme c\u0103 gloan\u021bele loveau pu\u021bin mai departe, a\u0219a c\u0103 am profitat de ocazie. Lucr\u00e2nd rapid, \u00een timpul fiec\u0103rei pauze de tragere, am preg\u0103tit \u00een cur\u00e2nd primul r\u00e2nd de saci de nisip. Acum puteam s\u0103 stau \u00een picioare \u0219i s\u0103 mut pur \u0219i simplu sacii. Din nou se preg\u0103tea s\u0103 \u00eenceap\u0103 tragerea, acum a r\u00e2ndului urm\u0103tor. \u00cen fiecare pauz\u0103 reu\u0219eam s\u0103 scap c\u00e2te doi saci. Gloan\u021bele \u00eei loveau ca pe nebuni. Cu un efort destul de mare \u0219i chiar mai mult\u0103 vodc\u0103, am reu\u0219it \u00een sf\u00e2r\u0219it s\u0103 preg\u0103tesc partea de tragere a balconului. Ceilal\u021bi au terminat treaba. \u00cenainte de r\u0103s\u0103ritul soarelui, bunc\u0103rul a fost terminat. Nem\u021bii tr\u0103geau cu furie \u00een sacii de nisip, a\u0219a c\u0103 am dublat r\u00e2ndurile. \"Bunc\u0103rul meu\" a supravie\u021buit mult timp, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd a fost complet distrus la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lui Rising....<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marian Milewski, \u0219eful companiei a 2-a din cadrul grup\u0103rii \"Gurt\" a Armatei Na\u021bionale \"Gurt<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nDistrugerea sta\u021biei po\u0219tale<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nSe aud \u00eempu\u0219c\u0103turi din toate direc\u021biile. Tunul din turnul g\u0103rii principale troneaz\u0103. O zon\u0103 vast\u0103 este sub foc: Aleje Jerozolimskie, Marszalkowska, Chmielna, iar \u00een direc\u021bia opus\u0103 la Zelazna. Str\u0103zile sunt pustii, iar locuitorii se grupeaz\u0103 la por\u021bi. Trec pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 Chmielna 67, unde am locuit. Prietenii mei m\u0103 salut\u0103, \u00eemi ureaz\u0103 victoria. Departe v\u0103d primul nostru grup, care \u00eempinge un c\u0103rucior cu bra\u021be. Aproape au ajuns la destina\u021bie. Deodat\u0103... O, groaz\u0103! O serie de fotografii din sta\u021bia po\u0219tal\u0103. R\u0103nit este \"Robur I\" (Janusz Debba, un cadet) \u0219i \"Idea\" (Henryk, un sergent de pluton). O agita\u021bie de moment. C\u0103ru\u021ba - o ric\u0219\u0103 grea se \u00eenclin\u0103, cu scaunul din spate cu roata \u00een sus. Trebuie s\u0103 salv\u0103m situa\u021bia. M\u0103 deplasez cu grupul meu de la o poart\u0103 la alta. M\u0103 aflu la nivelul ultimei case al\u0103turate Sta\u021biei de Po\u0219t\u0103, de unde s-au tras focurile de arm\u0103. Opresc trupa. Atribuirea func\u021biei se face rapid. La comanda ultimul salt comun la c\u0103rucior. S\u0103rim, facem echilibristic\u0103 \u0219i cu ajutorul oamenilor care a\u0219teapt\u0103 la poart\u0103 plec\u0103m spre curte. Armele sunt distribuite foarte repede. \u0218i eu iau PIAT cu gloan\u021be. Sticlele cu benzin\u0103 zboar\u0103 deja de la primul etaj spre Po\u0219t\u0103; cl\u0103direa, de\u0219i din lemn, nu vrea s\u0103 ia foc. Sunt \u00eenconjurat de mai mul\u021bi solda\u021bi ai Armatei Na\u021bionale, deocamdat\u0103 necunoscu\u021bi. Unul dintre ei este viitorul nostru erou \"Sokol\" (Zbigniew Bornstead - un cadet), altul este doar paisprezece ani \"Welek\". - un v\u00e2n\u0103tor (pu\u0219ca\u0219). \u00centr-un grup format din \"Kuba\", \"Convertit\" (Jan Sznajder - un locotenent), \"Sokol\" \u0219i doi sau trei, ale c\u0103ror pseudonime nu mi le amintesc, mergem la etajul trei. \u00cemi aleg o pozi\u021bie l\u00e2ng\u0103 fereastr\u0103, ne punem Piata. Sunt aproape \u00een picioare. Dup\u0103 ce am \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat din experien\u021b\u0103 despre reculul puternic, cer s\u0103 fiu \u021binut. Am filmat pe acoperi\u0219ul po\u0219tei, unde zboar\u0103 sticle. Bang! Acoperi\u0219ul izbucne\u0219te \u00een fl\u0103c\u0103ri \u0219i ateriz\u0103m \u00een cealalt\u0103 parte a \u00eenc\u0103perii, \u00een ciuda m\u00e2inilor tinere \u0219i puternice care m\u0103 \u021bin. Prima impresie dup\u0103 \u00eempu\u0219c\u0103tura de la arma necunoscut\u0103, prima mea \u00eempu\u0219c\u0103tur\u0103 \u00een Revolta la inamic. Ne uit\u0103m la rezultat. Cl\u0103direa din lemn a oficiului po\u0219tal, datorit\u0103 benzinei v\u0103rsate dintr-o sticl\u0103, arde acum ca o tor\u021b\u0103. Un cuib al inamicului, care aproape c\u0103 ne-a lipsit de aproape toate armele noastre, prin care am avut primii mor\u021bi \u0219i r\u0103ni\u021bi, a \u00eencetat s\u0103 mai existe!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Stanis\u0142aw Ciesielski, un prieten al lui Marian Milewski:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nDe la 1 august 1944, timp de 63 de zile, Marian a luptat \u00een Revolta de la Var\u0219ovia. \u00cen ciuda unei ap\u0103r\u0103ri eroice, Var\u0219ovia a capitulat. \"Czarny\" \u0219i mii de al\u021bi insurgen\u021bi au fost aresta\u021bi, dar au mers \u00een captivitate cu capul sus. Marian nu s-a sim\u021bit \u00eenvins. \u00cen timpul R\u0103scoalei a primit gradul de sublocotenent, iar mai t\u00e2rziu, deja \u00een Anglia, a fost promovat la gradul de locotenent. A fost decorat cu Ordinul de r\u0103zboi Virtuti Militari (o cruce \u00een semn de recunoa\u0219tere a curajului pe c\u00e2mpul de lupt\u0103), Crucea de Vitejie, Crucea Armatei Na\u021bionale, Crucea de Argint pentru Merit cu Spade, Medalia Armatei Poloneze \u0219i, \u00een Marea Britanie, decora\u021bii engleze\u0219ti. Dup\u0103 c\u0103derea R\u0103scoalei, a fost luat prizonier \u00eentr-unul dintre cele mai mari lag\u0103re de prizonieri, Oflag VII din Murnau, Bavaria, unde au fost de\u021binu\u021bi \u00een total 7.000 de ofi\u021beri. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce se apropia sf\u00e2r\u0219itul r\u0103zboiului, Germania a fost scufundat\u0103 \u00een haos \u0219i dezorganizare. \u00cen lag\u0103re domnea foamea, iar rezervele de hran\u0103 erau pu\u021bine\", \u00ee\u0219i aminte\u0219te Marian Milewski. Doar atunci c\u00e2nd lag\u0103rul a fost eliberat de trupele americane, \u00een mai 1945, prizonierii au fost salva\u021bi de la moarte din cauza foametei \u0219i a epuiz\u0103rii. \u00cen iunie 1945, Marian Milewski a sosit \u00een Italia cu primul transport din Germania, unde s-a al\u0103turat Corpului al II-lea al Armatei poloneze din Italia. La \u00eenceput a fost sta\u021bionat la Nola, l\u00e2ng\u0103 Napoli, apoi la Motola, \u00een sudul Italiei. Acolo a fost repartizat la o unitate de gard\u0103, unde a fost mai \u00eent\u00e2i comandant adjunct, iar apoi comandant. \u00cen 1947, batalionul s\u0103u a fost evacuat peste ocean, din Napoli \u00een Anglia. La \u00eenceput a fost sta\u021bionat la Cumberland, iar o lun\u0103 mai t\u00e2rziu a fost trimis la Formby, l\u00e2ng\u0103 Liverpool, unde a preluat tab\u0103ra goal\u0103 a Regimentului Regal 5, care \u00een acel moment se afla \u00een coloniile britanice. Doar c\u00e2\u021biva dintre membrii s\u0103i \u0219i o m\u00e2n\u0103 de prizonieri germani au r\u0103mas acolo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Traducere din limba englez\u0103 Szymon Kuchci\u0144ski<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\nVedere a apartamentelor din fa\u021ba casei de locuit de pe strada Hoza nr. 62, care au fost ocupate de ofi\u021berii Bahnschutz \u00eenainte de revolt\u0103<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nSt\u00e2nga: Cl\u0103direa istoric\u0103 a centralei telefonice, ocupat\u0103 de germani \u00een timpul revoltei. \u00cen dreapta: o cas\u0103 de locuit reconstruit\u0103, unul dintre balcoanele c\u0103reia era un punct de observa\u021bie pentru centrala telefonic\u0103. Vedere actual\u0103 de la intersec\u021bia str\u0103zilor Wsp\u00f3lna \u0219i Pozna\u0144ska.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\nVederea actual\u0103 a str\u0103zii Poznanska din partea str\u0103zii Sf\u00e2nta Barbara. Balcoanele imobilului au servit ca punct de observa\u021bie pentru cl\u0103direa centralei telefonice ocupat\u0103 de germani \u0219i, mai t\u00e2rziu, ca bunc\u0103r. Unitatea era comandat\u0103 de caporalul \"Andrzej\", Jaroslaw Piekalkiewicz.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nO vedere a cl\u0103dirii istorice a centralei telefonice de la intersec\u021bia str\u0103zilor Pozna\u0144ska \u0219i Wsp\u00f3lna. \u00cen timpul revoltei, a fost ocupat de poli\u021bia feroviar\u0103 german\u0103, servind ca o fort\u0103rea\u021b\u0103 solid\u0103.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Podczas powstania Warszawa przypomina\u0142a koncert z wieloma fortepianami i wielkimi b\u0119bnami. Nieustannie trwa\u0142a wymiana strza\u0142\u00f3w i od czasu do czasu wybuch\u00f3w. Orkiestra mia\u0142a kontynuowa\u0107 ten repertuar przez najbli\u017csze dwa miesi\u0105ce, z jedynie kr\u00f3tkimi przerwami w nocy\u2026 \u2013 wspomina prof. Jaros\u0142aw Piekalkiewicz, \u017co\u0142nierz AK, kt\u00f3rego mia\u0142em zaszczyt go\u015bci\u0107 w swoim domu w Przemy\u015blu podczas spotka\u0144 Strychu […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":19873,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[77,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19870","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wazne-daty","category-wydarzenia"],"yoast_head":"\n
Wspomnienia z Powstania Warszawskiego – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wydarzenia\/wspomnienia-z-powstania-warszawskiego\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Wspomnienia z Powstania Warszawskiego – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Podczas powstania Warszawa przypomina\u0142a koncert z wieloma fortepianami i wielkimi b\u0119bnami. Nieustannie trwa\u0142a wymiana strza\u0142\u00f3w i od czasu do czasu wybuch\u00f3w. Orkiestra mia\u0142a kontynuowa\u0107 ten repertuar przez najbli\u017csze dwa miesi\u0105ce, z jedynie kr\u00f3tkimi przerwami w nocy\u2026 \u2013 wspomina prof. Jaros\u0142aw Piekalkiewicz, \u017co\u0142nierz AK, kt\u00f3rego mia\u0142em zaszczyt go\u015bci\u0107 w swoim domu w Przemy\u015blu podczas spotka\u0144 Strychu […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wydarzenia\/wspomnienia-z-powstania-warszawskiego\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-10-02T11:56:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-10-04T16:58:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/PJP-PW_edited.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1251\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1668\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marta Olejnik\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" 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