{"id":17913,"date":"2019-10-30T14:38:33","date_gmt":"2019-10-30T13:38:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/?p=17913"},"modified":"2019-11-01T23:01:38","modified_gmt":"2019-11-01T22:01:38","slug":"historia-pisana-na-grobach-wielkich-polakow","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wydarzenia\/historia-pisana-na-grobach-wielkich-polakow\/","title":{"rendered":"Istoria scris\u0103 pe mormintele marilor polonezi"},"content":{"rendered":"
Onor\u00e2ndu-i pe cei mor\u021bi, nu numai c\u0103 le aducem un omagiu, dar \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m \u0219i despre marea istorie a Poloniei. Podkarpathul dintre mormintele familiei Sapieha ne arat\u0103 c\u00e2t de neobi\u0219nuit\u0103 este soarta parlamentarismului. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
- Ar trebui s\u0103 ac\u021bion\u0103m, g\u00e2ndindu-ne la predecesorii no\u0219tri care au servit pentru binele Republicii Polone. Ei ar trebui s\u0103 fie onora\u021bi \u0219i \u00een vremurile contemporane - crede Marek Kuchci\u0144ski. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pre\u0219edintele Sejm-ului din legislatura a VIII-a s-a rugat la monumentul lui Leon Aleksander Sapieha din \u0141\u0119townia, l\u00e2ng\u0103 Przemy\u015bl. Este o figur\u0103 extraordinar\u0103, care fascineaz\u0103 nu numai prin propria istorie, ci \u0219i prin faptul c\u0103 ne \u00eencurajeaz\u0103 s\u0103 cunoa\u0219tem \u00eentreaga familie Sapieha. Leon era originar din Krasiczyn, dar mintea sa curioas\u0103 l-a \u00eempins \u00een diferite col\u021buri ale lumii. A studiat la gimnaziul din Lvov, apoi la Chyr\u00f3w, dar nici acolo nu a stat prea mult, pentru c\u0103 a plecat s\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2lneasc\u0103 aventura la Academia Naval\u0103 din Rijeka. Nici acolo nu a stat prea mult, pentru c\u0103 a decis s\u0103 se \u00eentoarc\u0103 la \u0219coala din Lvov, unde a sus\u021binut examenul de bacalaureat \u0219i a pornit din nou la drum. A studiat chimia \u00een Germania (Leipzig) \u0219i \u00een Elve\u021bia (Berna). De asemenea, a urmat un curs de un an la un institut agricol din Belgia (Gembloux).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Interesul s\u0103u pentru agricultur\u0103 s-a datorat, printre altele, marilor propriet\u0103\u021bi de\u021binute de familia sa \u0219i, \u00een cele din urm\u0103, de el \u00eensu\u0219i. Potrivit surselor istorice, \u00een 1922, acesta de\u021binea o mo\u0219ie de 10.550 de hectare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A doua sa via\u021b\u0103 a fost armata. \u00cen 1914, a devenit pilot calificat. Pentru a \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba arta de a zbura, a plecat \u00een Anglia. Aceast\u0103 abilitate a fost util\u0103 \u00een timpul Primului R\u0103zboi Mondial. A luptat \u00een armata austro-ungar\u0103. A servit, printre altele, \u00een cadrul Companiei 15 aeropurtate din Rakowice, l\u00e2ng\u0103 Cracovia. A fost renumit pentru numeroase ac\u021biuni de lupt\u0103 \u00eendr\u0103zne\u021be. Totu\u0219i, din cauza s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii sale, a fost dat afar\u0103 din armat\u0103 \u0219i s-a stabilit la Krasiczyn. Lui Leon i se datoreaz\u0103 reconstruc\u021bia castelului, care a fost distrus de r\u0103zboi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00cen noiembrie 1918, a fost nevoit s\u0103 se \u00eenarmeze din nou. De data aceasta a luptat cu ucrainenii pentru Przemy\u015bl. C\u00e2nd a izbucnit r\u0103zboiul dintre polonezi \u0219i bol\u0219evici \u00een 1920, Leon \u0219i-a \u00eembr\u0103cat din nou uniforma. A comandat escadrila a 3-a a regimentului 8 de l\u0103ncieri. A fost renumit pentru c\u0103 a \u00eenvins mari for\u021be sovietice \u00een zona \u017b\u00f3\u0142kwi. De asemenea, a fost grav r\u0103nit \u00een timpul acestor b\u0103t\u0103lii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fotografia \u00eel arat\u0103 pe Marek Kuchci\u0144ski \u00eempreun\u0103 cu Bogus\u0142aw Zaleszczyk, pre\u0219edintele Consiliului Local Przemy\u015bl \u00een ultimul mandat. Bunicul lui Bogus\u0142aw a lucrat pentru familia Sapieha ca p\u0103durar \u0219ef.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
O m\u0103rturie interesant\u0103 a acelor vremuri este morm\u00e2ntul neobi\u0219nuit al calului lui Sapieha, Rall, situat \u00een \u0141\u0119townia. Trebuie \u0219tiut c\u0103 Leon Aleksander a fost un mare iubitor de cai. Dup\u0103 ce s-a \u00eentors de la \u0219coala din Belgia, a preluat ferma Wapowce (\u00een 1910), unde a amenajat un grajd de curse \u0219i o pist\u0103 de antrenament. Rall nu a murit \u00een r\u0103zboi. Acest lucru s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat abia \u00een 1926. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Povestea lui Leon Sapieha, \u00eens\u0103, nu trece doar prin domeniul agriculturii \u0219i al r\u0103zboiului. De asemenea, este cunoscut pentru expedi\u021biile sale, \u00eenso\u021bit de so\u021bia sa, Catherine, \u00een col\u021buri ale lumii necunoscute p\u00e2n\u0103 atunci. Le-a descris \u00een c\u0103r\u021bile sale. \"Forests of Ituri\" ilustreaz\u0103 c\u0103l\u0103toria sa prin Africa. La r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u, \"Vulcanii din Kivu\" este o \u00eenregistrare colorat\u0103 a amintirilor din expedi\u021bia prin Sudan, Uganda, Congo, Tanganyika. La urma urmei, tocmai cump\u0103rase uria\u0219a proprietate Ngesho din Congo: 500 de hectare \u00eentre Lacul Mokoto \u0219i vulcanul Nyamuragira. Acolo a \u00eenfiin\u021bat o planta\u021bie de cafea \u0219i prima planta\u021bie de ceai din regiune. De asemenea, a elaborat planuri coloniale, care au fost foarte controversate la acea vreme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Leon Aleksander Sapieha a decis s\u0103-\u0219i continue experien\u021ba \u0219i ambi\u021biile politice \u0219i \u00een Sejm-ul celei de-a patra Republici. A ajuns acolo din circumscrip\u021bia electoral\u0103 nr. 74 (districtele Przemy\u015bl, Jaros\u0142aw \u0219i Jaworowo). Cu toate acestea, activitatea sa a fost evaluat\u0103 \u00een mod ambiguu de mul\u021bi istorici. \u00cen Sejm, s-a ocupat de armat\u0103, de drept \u0219i de ap\u0103rarea marilor proprietari de terenuri (s-a opus reformei agrare). <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Izbucnirea celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial l-a for\u021bat din nou pe Sapieha s\u0103 opun\u0103 rezisten\u021b\u0103 activ\u0103 \u00eempotriva agresorului. Destul de cur\u00e2nd, a fost arestat \u0219i \u00eencarcerat la Rzesz\u00f3w. Dup\u0103 ce a fost eliberat din captivitate, \u0219i-a \u00eenceput activitatea clandestin\u0103 \u00een Uniunea de Lupt\u0103 Armat\u0103 \u0219i apoi \u00een Armata Na\u021bional\u0103. A luat parte la Opera\u021biunea \"Tempest\", opera\u021biunea armat\u0103 a Armatei Na\u021bionale \u00eempotriva armatei germane imediat \u00eenainte de invazia sovietic\u0103. \u00cen august 1944, a fost grav r\u0103nit \u00een timp ce \u00eencerca s\u0103 p\u0103trund\u0103 \u00een Cracovia, unde i s-a promis c\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i va dona ma\u0219ina Armatei Na\u021bionale. A fost transportat la Rzesz\u00f3w, unde, dup\u0103 ce i-a fost amputat piciorul, a murit la 27 septembrie 1944.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Leon Aleksander este doar una dintre numeroasele personalit\u0103\u021bi pline de culoare ale familiei Sapieha, care a avut un impact uria\u0219 asupra istoriei Poloniei. Mari oameni de biseric\u0103 (cardinalul Adam Sapieha) sau mare\u0219al al Sejm-ului galic (Leon Sapieha), savan\u021bi, politicieni, oameni de afaceri, arti\u0219ti, to\u021bi au provenit din familia fondat\u0103 \u00een secolul al XV-lea de Semen Sapieha, un scrib al Marelui Duce al Lituaniei Casimir Jagiellonian. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Istoria acestor familii arat\u0103 tradi\u021bia polonez\u0103 multigenera\u021bional\u0103, care a fost c\u00e2ndva o republic\u0103 a mai multor na\u021biuni. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
mo <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Leon Aleksander Sapieha, participant la R\u0103zboiul polono-sovietic \u0219i la R\u0103zboiul polono-sovietic din 1939. \u00cen 1935, a fost ales \u00een cel de-al patrulea mandat al Sejm-ului. A fost \u00eenmorm\u00e2ntat \u00een \u0141\u0119townia, l\u00e2ng\u0103 Przemy\u015bl.
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nBruno Gruszka, membru al Adun\u0103rii legislative, Radymno<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nJan Nawrocki, membru al Adun\u0103rii legislative, Radymno<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Micha\u0142 G\u0142owacz, membru al Parlamentului (PSL Miko\u0142ajczykowskie) din 1945 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1947, \u017burawica<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n J\u0119drzej Krukierek, membru al Parlamentului celei de-a doua Republici Poloneze, Krosno<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Wincenty Jab\u0142o\u0144ski, membru al Adun\u0103rii legislative, Krosno<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Jakub Madej, membru al Adun\u0103rii legislative, Brzyska \u00een jude\u021bul Jas\u0142o <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Jan Madejczyk, deputat \u00een Parlamentul celei de-a doua Republici Poloneze, Brzyska \u00een jude\u021bul Jas\u0142o <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nW\u0142adys\u0142aw Kojder, important activist al folclorului polonez, asasinat de func\u021bionari ai UB, Przeworsk <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Stanis\u0142aw Zaj\u0105c, vicepre\u0219edinte al Sejm-ului \u00een legislatura a 3-a, membru al Sejm-ului \u00een legislaturile 1, 3, 5 \u0219i 6, din 2008 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2010 senator \u00een legislatura a 7-a. N\u0103scut la 1 mai 1949 \u00een \u015awi\u0119cany, decedat la 10 aprilie 2010 \u00eentr-un accident aviatic la Smole\u0144sk. \u00cen calitate de avocat, a fost asociat cu mediul de opozi\u021bie, at\u00e2t \u00een ora\u0219, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een mediul rural, \u0219i cu Sindicatul Solidaritatea. De multe ori a ac\u021bionat ca avocat al ap\u0103r\u0103rii \u0219i avocat \u00een procese politice, inclusiv \u00een perioada legii mar\u021biale. Decorat post-mortem, printre altele, cu insigna onorific\u0103 \"Meritul pentru Voievodatul Podkarpackie\", titlul de cet\u0103\u021bean de onoare al comunei Jaros\u0142aw, Jas\u0142o, comuna Dydnia. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nJan Mech, Czes\u0142awa Karut nee Mech, Szymon Mech, soldat al Armatei Na\u021bionale, morm\u00e2nt simbolic, \u017burawica<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Kazimierz \u015awitalski, fiul unui insurgent al R\u0103scoalei din ianuarie, pre\u0219edinte al Sejm-ului \u0219i prim-ministru al celei de-a doua Republici Poloneze, unul dintre cei mai apropia\u021bi colaboratori ai lui J\u00f3zef Pi\u0142sudski \u0219i unul dintre principalii coautori ai Constitu\u021biei din aprilie. S-a n\u0103scut la 4 martie 1886 \u00een Sanok, \u00een regiunea Podkarpacie. A fost ofi\u021ber al Legiunilor poloneze, a servit \u00een prima brigad\u0103 \u0219i a fost, de asemenea, membru al Organiza\u021biei Militare Poloneze. \u00cen noiembrie 1918, a luat parte la ap\u0103rarea ora\u0219ului Lvov. \u00cen armata polonez\u0103 a ajuns la gradul de maior. A fost decorat cu Ordinul Virtuti Militari. A de\u021binut func\u021bia de pre\u0219edinte al Sejm-ului \u00eentre 1930 \u0219i 1935, a fost prizonier de r\u0103zboi german \u00eentre 1939 \u0219i 1945, iar mai t\u00e2rziu a fost \u00eenchis de autorit\u0103\u021bile PR \u00eentre 1948 \u0219i 1956. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Czcz\u0105c zmar\u0142ych, oddajemy im nie tylko honor, ale i uczymy si\u0119 wspania\u0142ej polskiej historii. Podkarpacka droga w\u015br\u00f3d mogi\u0142 rodu Sapieh\u00f3w pokazuje nam, jak niezwyk\u0142e s\u0105 losy parlamentaryzmu. – Powinni\u015bmy dzia\u0142a\u0107, my\u015bl\u0105c o naszych poprzednikach, kt\u00f3rzy zas\u0142u\u017cyli si\u0119 dla dobra Rzeczypospolitej. Nale\u017cy im si\u0119 cze\u015b\u0107 r\u00f3wnie\u017c w czasach wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnych – uwa\u017ca Marek Kuchci\u0144ski. Marsza\u0142ek Sejmu VIII […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":17931,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,77,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17913","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-podkarpacie","category-wazne-daty","category-wydarzenia"],"yoast_head":"\n
Historia pisana na grobach wielkich Polak\u00f3w – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wydarzenia\/historia-pisana-na-grobach-wielkich-polakow\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Historia pisana na grobach wielkich Polak\u00f3w – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Czcz\u0105c zmar\u0142ych, oddajemy im nie tylko honor, ale i uczymy si\u0119 wspania\u0142ej polskiej historii. Podkarpacka droga w\u015br\u00f3d mogi\u0142 rodu Sapieh\u00f3w pokazuje nam, jak niezwyk\u0142e s\u0105 losy parlamentaryzmu. – Powinni\u015bmy dzia\u0142a\u0107, my\u015bl\u0105c o naszych poprzednikach, kt\u00f3rzy zas\u0142u\u017cyli si\u0119 dla dobra Rzeczypospolitej. Nale\u017cy im si\u0119 cze\u015b\u0107 r\u00f3wnie\u017c w czasach wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnych – uwa\u017ca Marek Kuchci\u0144ski. 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