{"id":16199,"date":"2019-06-06T14:55:28","date_gmt":"2019-06-06T12:55:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/?p=16199"},"modified":"2019-06-06T16:52:18","modified_gmt":"2019-06-06T14:52:18","slug":"roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/","title":{"rendered":"Roger Scruton: Provoc\u0103ri pentru guvernele din Europa Central\u0103 \u0219i de Est - Al patrulea summit al pre\u0219edin\u021bilor de parlamente din Europa Central\u0103 \u0219i de Est"},"content":{"rendered":"


<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Roger Scruton\/ foto de Marta Olejnik<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Acesta este\nmare onoare c\u0103 am fost rugat s\u0103 m\u0103 adresez acestei adun\u0103ri,\nreprezent\u00e2nd parlamentele fostelor \u021b\u0103ri comuniste. \u0218i m\u0103 bucur c\u0103\nocazia de a spune ceva despre mo\u0219tenirea comunismului \u0219i despre ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 pentru noi\nast\u0103zi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Recunosc,\nc\u0103 sunt un anticomunist. \u00cen anii '70 \u0219i '80, \u00een universit\u0103\u021bile noastre din\nAnticomuni\u0219tii britanici au fost evita\u021bi. La urma urmei, atacam o revolu\u021bie care...\na oferit eliberarea umanit\u0103\u021bii de o conspira\u021bie capitalist\u0103 mondial\u0103.\nProfesorii no\u0219tri au recunoscut c\u0103 Uniunea Sovietic\u0103 a e\u0219uat; dar numai \u00een\npractic\u0103 a fost rea, nu \u00een teorie. Noi, apologe\u021bii capitalismului, am gre\u0219it \u00een\nteorie, care a fost mult mai r\u0103u dec\u00e2t un \"accident\" de a provoca dou\u0103zeci de\nmilioane de mor\u021bi \u0219i dispari\u021bia libert\u0103\u021bii individuale pe jum\u0103tate de glob. Faptul c\u0103\nam avut dreptate \u00een practic\u0103 a fost abia observat de criticii no\u0219tri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Am trecut prin toate, dar mi se pare c\u0103,\nc\u0103 mai sunt \u00eenc\u0103 multe de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat. Via\u021ba a fost dificil\u0103 pentru noi datorit\u0103\ncolegii no\u0219tri \"simpatici\", care \u0219i-au exprimat \u00een repetate r\u00e2nduri indignarea fa\u021b\u0103 de\nr\u0103ut\u0103\u021bile noastre, ca s\u0103 arate mai bine c\u00e2t de dr\u0103gu\u021bi sunt ei. A fost atunci c\u00e2nd\nAm \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat c\u00e2t de \u00eengrozitoare poate fi bun\u0103tatea pref\u0103cut\u0103. Din momentul \u00een care \u00een 1980\nM-am manifestat ca un ap\u0103r\u0103tor al valorilor conservatoare \u00eempotriva sociali\u0219tilor\nortodoxiei, via\u021ba mea a devenit o lung\u0103 serie de atacuri \u00eendreptate spre\n\u00eemi submineaz\u0103 pozi\u021bia de intelectual public. Predarea la o universitate\nLondra a fost deosebit de dificil\u0103. De fapt, primul meu adev\u0103rat\nexperien\u021ba libert\u0103\u021bii intelectuale a fost aici, \u00een Polonia, unde am venit\ns\u0103 ia cuv\u00e2ntul la conferin\u021be \u0219i seminarii private organizate de un\nun mic grup de oameni din Marea Britanie care, ca \u0219i mine, au vrut s\u0103 fac\u0103\ncontactul cu al\u021bi disiden\u021bi din spatele Cortinei de Fier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen Polonia, dispre\u021bul larg r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit fa\u021b\u0103 de\nsistemul comunist a \u00eensemnat c\u0103 at\u00e2t studen\u021bii c\u00e2t \u0219i profesorii erau preg\u0103ti\u021bi s\u0103\npentru o discu\u021bie ampl\u0103. Pentru ei, conservatorismul nu era un p\u0103cat sau un\nerezie, ci o posibil\u0103 viziune asupra lumii, cu at\u00e2t mai interesant\u0103 cu c\u00e2t a fost\ncondamnat de comuni\u0219ti \u0219i dispre\u021buit de st\u00e2nga occidental\u0103. C\u0103l\u0103torind \u00een\n\u021b\u0103rile din Europa Central\u0103 \u0219i de Est \u00een acele zile, purt\u00e2nd mesajul unei\nde filosofie alternativ\u0103, a fost una dintre cele mai eliberatoare experien\u021be de\ndin via\u021ba mea, indiferent de pericole \u0219i lipsuri. Am \u00eenceput s\u0103 cred,\nc\u0103 a\u0219 putea avea dreptate \u00een teorie \u0219i nu doar \u00een practic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prin urmare, nu este surprinz\u0103tor c\u0103, \u00eencep\u00e2nd cu 1989, am urm\u0103rit evolu\u021biile cu\nAm urm\u0103rit cu interes \u0219i \u00eengrijorare evolu\u021biile \u0219i am constatat c\u0103 momentul de\nEliberarea de sub jugul sovietic nu a reprezentat doar sf\u00e2r\u0219itul vechilor probleme,\ndar \u0219i \u00eenceputul altora noi. \u0218i despre aceste probleme vreau s\u0103 vorbesc ast\u0103zi, precum \u0219i despre\nprecum \u0219i situa\u021bia de ast\u0103zi de pe continentul nostru, \u00een timp ce \u00eencerc\u0103m s\u0103 cooper\u0103m pentru a le rezolva.\ns\u0103 coopereze pentru a le rezolva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cenainte de 1989, continentul nostru era \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bit\n\u00eentre socialismul totalitar \u0219i democra\u021bia liber\u0103, \u0219i de\u0219i st\u00e2nga\nintelectualii o ap\u0103rau pe cea dint\u00e2i, toat\u0103 lumea tr\u0103ia, dac\u0103 putea, \u00een\nal doilea. Ast\u0103zi, diviziunea nu mai este \u00eentre diferite zone ale continentului nostru.\nEste o divizare \u00eentre dou\u0103 puncte de vedere contradictorii. Pe de o parte, exist\u0103\nata\u0219amentul fa\u021b\u0103 de statul-na\u021biune, cu limba, institu\u021biile \u0219i\npatrimoniul religios. Pe de alt\u0103 parte, exist\u0103 viziunea cosmopolit\u0103 a unui\na unei ordini suprana\u021bionale, a unei economii f\u0103r\u0103 frontiere \u0219i a unei legisla\u021bii universale privind drepturile omului\ndrepturile omului. Ambele viziuni au ap\u0103rut \u00een urma conflictelor religioase din secolul al XVII-lea \u0219i ambele\na dat roade \u00een Iluminism. Iar tensiunea dintre cele dou\u0103 este durabil\u0103 \u0219i nerezolvat\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este imposibil s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem continentul nostru de ast\u0103zi\ndac\u0103 nu recunoa\u0219tem c\u0103 este o asocia\u021bie de state na\u021bionale, fiecare dintre acestea\nare propriul teritoriu, obiceiuri, limb\u0103 \u0219i religii autohtone - atuuri care\ns\u0103 defineasc\u0103 loialitatea locuitorilor s\u0103i \u0219i sentimentul comun de acas\u0103. Dar trebuie\nrecunoa\u0219te, de asemenea, c\u0103 institu\u021biile juridice \u0219i politice de pe continentul nostru s-au transformat\n\u00eentr-o direc\u021bie cosmopolit\u0103. Poate c\u0103 acest lucru este mai pu\u021bin adev\u0103rat \u00een \u021bara mea. Z\nAcest lucru este cu siguran\u021b\u0103 adev\u0103rat \u00een Europa continental\u0103 \u0219i este \u00een special adev\u0103rat\n\u00een special \u00een fostele state comuniste. Legea \u0219i jurispruden\u021ba instan\u021belor\nInstan\u021bele europene au permis fostelor \u021b\u0103ri comuniste s\u0103 umple vidul juridic\ncreat de Partidul Comunist. Acest lucru, la r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u, le-a permis s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103\nprotec\u021bia investi\u021biilor emergente \u0219i, astfel, intrarea \u00een economia capitalist\u0103 global\u0103\neconomie capitalist\u0103 cu relativ pu\u021bine fric\u021biuni \u0219i, din p\u0103cate, cu prea multe\ncon\u0219tientizeaz\u0103 prea pu\u021bin costurile sociale \u0219i culturale ale acestei situa\u021bii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen centrul proiectului european se afl\u0103 un\nagenda, care a fost stabilit\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 a se face referire la nevoile \u0219i nevoile specifice \u0219i\nvalorile popoarelor europene. F\u0103r\u0103 a \u021bine cont de situa\u021bia lor social\u0103 \u0219i religioas\u0103\npatrimoniului european, cet\u0103\u021benii europeni sunt obliga\u021bi s\u0103 recunoasc\u0103 drepturi derivate din\nideile abstracte de libertate \u0219i autonomie care se opun normelor indigene.\nreligii: dreptul la avort, na\u0219terea prin surogat, eutanasia \u0219i a\u0219a mai departe. Aceste drepturi\nsunt ap\u0103rate nu pentru c\u0103 oamenii au ales s\u0103 mearg\u0103 \u00een aceast\u0103 direc\u021bie, ci\npentru c\u0103 fac parte din viziunea mondial\u0103 a elitei conduc\u0103toare, care poate legifera\nlegi peste capetele guvernelor suverane. \u00cen plus, guvernele na\u021biunilor europene\nli s-a cerut s\u0103 renun\u021be la dreptul fundamental al statelor suverane,\ncare este dreptul de a decide cine locuie\u0219te \u00een interiorul grani\u021belor lor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dispozi\u021biile Tratatului de la Roma privind\nLibera circula\u021bie au fost elaborate \u00eentr-un moment \u00een care semnatarii\nse bucurau de un nivel de trai comparabil, cu un nivel de trai mai mult sau mai pu\u021bin complet.\nocuparea for\u021bei de munc\u0103 \u0219i sisteme de protec\u021bie social\u0103 similare. Nu a existat nicio tenta\u021bie de a\ns\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i schimbe re\u0219edin\u021ba, cu excep\u021bia unor scopuri specifice \u00een cadrul unui anumit loc de munc\u0103.\nAcum, \u00eens\u0103, libertatea de mi\u0219care \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 se poate circula masiv \u00een sens unic.\nmi\u0219carea de persoane din fostele \u021b\u0103ri comuniste c\u0103tre Occident, \u00een special\n\u00een Regatul Unit, al c\u0103rui guvern stabile\u0219te o barier\u0103 de intrare foarte mic\u0103. Aceasta\nuna dintre cauzele crizei Brexit. Dar a avut, de asemenea, un impact major\nimpactul demografic asupra \u021b\u0103rilor de la Vi\u0219egrad, care au pierdut mul\u021bi dintre cei mai buni \u0219i mai\ncei mai str\u0103luci\u021bi dintre tinerii lor, \u00eentr-un moment \u00een care at\u00e2t \u00eenceputul de\neconomie \u0219i ap\u0103rarea \u00eempotriva amenin\u021b\u0103rii ruse\u0219ti necesita o armat\u0103 complet\u0103 de\na tinerilor \u0219i un angajament total pentru reconstruc\u021bia economiei na\u021bionale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen plus, desfiin\u021barea frontierelor a f\u0103cut imposibil\u0103\nmen\u021binerea unei politici na\u021bionale \u00een materie de imigra\u021bie. UE a \u00eencercat s\u0103 preia controlul asupra\nsitua\u021bia prin distribuirea migran\u021bilor \u00een func\u021bie de un sistem de cote. Dar deschiderea doamnei Merkel\nInvita\u021bia doamnei Merkel c\u0103tre sirieni, afluxul la grani\u021ba cu Ungaria \u0219i marea\nproblema traficului de fiin\u021be umane \u00een Mediterana a f\u0103cut ca o astfel de politic\u0103\nneviabil\u0103. Situa\u021bia este deosebit de \u00eengrijor\u0103toare pentru fo\u0219tii\n\u021b\u0103rile comuniste pentru acela\u0219i motiv pentru care comunismul a f\u0103cut-o imposibil\u0103 - sau \u00een orice caz\na f\u0103cut neatractiv\u0103 - s\u0103 migreze spre ele de oriunde din afara spa\u021biului sovietic.\nsfera. Prin urmare, acest pre\u021b neprev\u0103zut al libert\u0103\u021bii a fost un \u0219oc imens,\nat\u00e2t politice, c\u00e2t \u0219i psihologice. Paradoxal, comunismul, instaurat\nca o mi\u0219care interna\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i care pretinde abolirea tuturor frontierelor suverane,\na contribuit la p\u0103strarea statului-na\u021biune. \u00centr-adev\u0103r, na\u021biunea a fost o realitate durabil\u0103\n\u00een jurul c\u0103reia rezisten\u021ba ar putea lua form\u0103 \u0219i, combinat\u0103 cu puternica revigorare a\ncredin\u021ba catolic\u0103 \u00een Polonia, s-a dovedit decisiv\u0103 \u00een r\u0103sturnarea tiraniei\nTirania comunist\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rezisten\u021b\u0103\n\u00eempotriva imigra\u021biei \u00een mas\u0103 a atras acuza\u021bii de \"rasism \u0219i xenofobie\" din partea\nUE, al\u0103turi de demersurile de expulzare a partidului maghiar Fidesz din\nPartidul Popular European (PPE) \u0219i chiar expulzarea Ungariei \u00eens\u0103\u0219i din UE.\nUniunea European\u0103. Acest lucru, la r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u, a \u00eent\u0103rit guvernul lui Viktor Orb\u00e1n \u00een pozi\u021bia sa \u0219i\na dus la o rezisten\u021b\u0103 tot mai mare la imigra\u021bie \u00een \u00eentreaga regiune. Problema\na fost, de asemenea, absorbit \u00eentr-un conflict mai larg, \u00eentre na\u021bional \u0219i na\u021bional.\nperspectiv\u0103 interna\u021bional\u0103, care merge \u00eenapoi \u00een trecutul continentului nostru \u0219i \u00een\nemo\u021bii \u00eentunecate \u0219i dificile care au sf\u00e2\u0219iat continentul \u00een secolul XX.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

W\nRezultatul a fost o schimbare brusc\u0103 \u0219i radical\u0103 \u00een limbajul \u0219i direc\u021bia conflictului\npolitic\u0103 \u00een Europa, elita european\u0103 denun\u021b\u00e2nd \"populismul\" mi\u0219c\u0103rilor na\u021bionale.\nmi\u0219c\u0103rile na\u021bionale, care la r\u00e2ndul lor condamn\u0103 elitismul clasei politice europene.\nAcest conflict s-a manifestat prin furie \u0219i confuzie tot mai mare \u00een \u021bara mea,\n\u00eentre sus\u021bin\u0103torii \u0219i oponen\u021bii Brexit-ului. Mi se pare c\u0103 acum este important s\u0103\nat\u00e2t pentru a \u00een\u021belege care este miza, c\u00e2t \u0219i pentru a ajunge la o solu\u021bie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acuza\u021bia de \"populism\" este \u00eendreptat\u0103\n\u00eempotriva mi\u0219c\u0103rilor pentru independen\u021b\u0103 na\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i re\u00eennoire na\u021bional\u0103, \u00een principal\npentru a respinge faptul c\u0103 se bucur\u0103 de sprijin popular. Aceasta este ceea ce\nam v\u0103zut \u00een r\u0103spunsul liberalilor din Marea Britanie la votul pentru Brexit.\nBrexit. Majoritatea a votat pentru Brexit, dar pute\u021bi s\u0103 le respinge\u021bi votul,\ncalific\u00e2ndu-l drept \"populist\". Pentru c\u0103 exist\u0103 dou\u0103 moduri de a apela la\noameni - indirect, prin intermediul institu\u021biilor care p\u0103zesc votul liberalilor, \u0219i\ndirect, \u00eentreb\u00e2ndu-i ce cred. Un apel direct la popor este respins\nca fiind periculoase. La urma urmei, ei nu \u0219tiu ce g\u00e2ndesc, iar dac\u0103 \u0219tiu, este pentru c\u0103,\npentru c\u0103 g\u00e2ndesc inadecvat. Numai atunci se poate avea \u00eencredere \u00een oameni atunci c\u00e2nd ace\u0219tia sunt \u00eendruma\u021bi \u0219i\ntemperat\u0103 de o constitu\u021bie liberal\u0103, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 le filtr\u0103m\nemo\u021bii printr-o plas\u0103 fin\u0103 de fluctua\u021bii liberale, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t doar un\nflux inofensiv de sentimente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceea\u0219i acuza\u021bie de populism este folosit\u0103 \u00eempotriva partidelor\nPartidul Lege \u0219i Justi\u021bie \u00een Polonia \u0219i Fidesz \u00een Ungaria. Ambii sunt acuza\u021bi de\napel\u00e2nd prea direct la sentimentele oamenilor, \u00een special la sentimentul de apartenen\u021b\u0103.\nOamenii obi\u0219nui\u021bi se aga\u021b\u0103 de forme de apartenen\u021b\u0103 care sunt locale, limitate \u0219i\ndificil de transpus \u00een norme birocratice. Valorile lor sunt modelate\nde religie, familie, limb\u0103 \u0219i istorie na\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i nu recunosc neap\u0103rat puterea de a\nde obliga\u021bii suprana\u021bionale sau de coduri universale ale drepturilor omului, \u00een special\natunci c\u00e2nd aceste coduri sunt \u00een conflict direct cu obliga\u021biile specifice ale\nc\u0103s\u0103toriei, familiei \u0219i religiei. \"Populismul\" este definit din ce \u00een ce mai mult ca o\nun termen peiorativ, pentru a respinge referirea la acest tip de sentiment, de\u0219i acesta\neste un sentiment f\u0103r\u0103 de care oamenilor obi\u0219nui\u021bi le-ar putea fi greu s\u0103 recunoasc\u0103\nangajamentele lor politice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mie mi se pare c\u0103 conflictul dintre st\u00e2nga \u0219i st\u00e2nga.\ninteligen\u021ba \u0219i natura uman\u0103 obi\u0219nuit\u0103 s-a mutat din sfera socialismului vs. socialism.\ncapitalismul \u00eentr-o astfel de nou\u0103 sfer\u0103 a liberalismului luminat vs. capitalism.\nna\u021bionalism. Ceea ce liberalii denun\u021b\u0103 drept populism este, de fapt, o \u00eencercare de a\npentru a p\u0103stra sentimentele vechi \u0219i mo\u0219tenite de identitate \u0219i apartenen\u021b\u0103. A\noamenii condamn\u0103 elitismul ca fiind de fapt o concep\u021bie iluminist\u0103 a unui\nunei ordini politice universale \u0219i nelimitate, \u00een care conflictele\nar trebui s\u0103 dispar\u0103 deoarece cauza lor - care este o re\u021bea concurent\u0103 de\nde loialitate na\u021bional\u0103 - a fost m\u0103turat.\nUE a fost fondat\u0103 de oameni anima\u021bi de ideea de iluminare \u0219i care au v\u0103zut\nna\u021bionalismul ca for\u021b\u0103 care a declan\u0219at un secol de r\u0103zboaie europene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Privind\nretrospectiv, este la fel de rezonabil s\u0103 vedem ideea unui univers universal.\n\u0219i nelimitat\u0103 form\u0103 de politic\u0103 ca baz\u0103 pentru\nprinderea \u00een capcan\u0103 a Europei Centrale \u0219i de Est de c\u0103tre comuni\u0219ti. Na\u021bionalism\nNa\u021bionalismul german a fost cu siguran\u021b\u0103 distructiv, dar \u0219i interna\u021bionalismul sovietic a fost la fel.\nInterna\u021bionalismul sovietic. De ce s\u0103 nu recunoa\u0219tem c\u0103 ele nu sunt \u00een sine mai distructive\ndec\u00e2t altele, dar c\u0103 fiecare poate deveni distructiv\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd este\nintroduse \u00eentr-un proiect totalitar \u00een care disiden\u021ba nu este permis\u0103 \u0219i \u00een care\noamenii nu-\u0219i mai pot exprima opiniile?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu toate acestea, ceea ce este cel mai interesant la noul\nconfruntare este c\u0103 st\u00e2nga intelectual\u0103 a ocupat din nou cea mai \u00eenalt\u0103 pozi\u021bie\npozi\u021bie, nu este preg\u0103tit\u0103 s\u0103 recunoasc\u0103\nlegitimitatea democratic\u0103 a mi\u0219c\u0103rilor pe care le consider\u0103 \"populiste\" \u0219i este\nhot\u0103r\u00e2t s\u0103 z\u0103d\u0103rniceasc\u0103 orice \u00eencercare a acestor mi\u0219c\u0103ri de a se stabili \u00een\nguvern. Aceea\u0219i furie anihilatoare \u00eendreptat\u0103 \u00eempotriva conservatorilor\nca mine, \u00een anii 1970 \u0219i 1980, este acum \u00eendreptat\u0103 \u00eempotriva presupuselor\npopuli\u0219ti, iar - deloc surprinz\u0103tor - popula\u021bia populist\u0103 cre\u0219te pentru a se revan\u0219a\nc\u00e2t de bine pot. Cre\u0219terea de temperatur\u0103 rezultat\u0103 este una dintre\nfactori care cauzeaz\u0103 o pierdere de \u00eencredere \u00een UE, care, se pare,\na dus la un conflict c\u0103ruia nu-i poate face fa\u021b\u0103. \u0218i este un conflict care\nse dezv\u0103luie \u00een toate schimb\u0103rile rapide pe care le sufer\u0103 \u00een prezent continentul nostru\ncontinent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acest conflict este deosebit de important pentru\n\u021b\u0103rile post-comuniste, deoarece \u00een 1989 nu aveau o idee clar\u0103 despre\nde ceea ce sunt \u0219i de ceea ce \u00eei une\u0219te pe oameni \u00eentr-un corp politic. Comuni\u0219tii au avut o\nprogram \u00een care oamenii au fost chema\u021bi la o cauz\u0103 care a fost \u00een mod clar\nirealizabile sau, \u00een orice caz, iremediabil dep\u0103\u0219ite. Ei nu au oferit\nalt concept de identitate dec\u00e2t obiectivul atotcuprinz\u0103tor al comunismului.\nmileniu. To\u021bi acei factori care ar putea convinge oamenii s\u0103\nader\u0103 la acest obiectiv - cultur\u0103, art\u0103, muzic\u0103, religie, istorie - au fost\n\u00eempins \u00een subteran, iar cei f\u0103r\u0103 griji\nsuprafa\u021b\u0103 a vie\u021bii de zi cu zi nu con\u021binea nicio promisiune de viitor.\n\u00een afar\u0103 de acesta. Prin urmare, oamenii au c\u0103utat inevitabil o nou\u0103 politic\u0103 de identitate,\ncare s\u0103 \u00eei \u021bin\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 ca un \"noi\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acesta a fost singurul lucru pe care UE nu a putut s\u0103-l fac\u0103.\na fost \u00een m\u0103sur\u0103 s\u0103 ofere. \u00cen schimb, le-a oferit o cale de a intra \u00een economia global\u0103 \u0219i o cale\ndeparte de cas\u0103, dar f\u0103r\u0103 un nou mod de apartenen\u021b\u0103. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce\ndezam\u0103giri, a crescut speran\u021ba de apartenen\u021b\u0103. Unde se afl\u0103 \u0219i cine o define\u0219te? Global\ncapitalismul nu este r\u0103spunsul, deoarece nu face dec\u00e2t s\u0103 invalideze lumea loialit\u0103\u021bilor \u0219i a\npune totul, inclusiv rela\u021biile umane, la v\u00e2nzare. Exist\u0103 cu siguran\u021b\u0103\nceea ce este justificat \u00een aceste vechi critici de st\u00e2nga: c\u0103 inima uman\u0103\nnu are un loc real \u00een economia global\u0103, inima pe care at\u00e2t de mul\u021bi dintre noi\nobservat la cei care au luptat \u00eempotriva tiraniei comuniste \u00een \u021b\u0103rile voastre \u0219i\ncare au sperat c\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd masca dictaturii va c\u0103dea \u00een cele din urm\u0103, o na\u021biune z\u00e2mbitoare va ap\u0103rea de sub ea\nva ap\u0103rea o na\u021biune z\u00e2mbitoare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen opinia mea, aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie ar trebui s\u0103 fie\nv\u0103zut ca o oportunitate \u0219i nu ca o criz\u0103. Dup\u0103 treizeci de ani de confuzie\npopula\u021bia din Europa Central\u0103 \u0219i de Est \u00eencepe s\u0103 \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 c\u0103 ei sunt cei care sunt\nmo\u0219tenitorii a dou\u0103 mari realiz\u0103ri: pe de o parte, statul-na\u021biune\nca o form\u0103 de identitate social\u0103 \u0219i politic\u0103; pe de alt\u0103 parte, iluminismul\nconceptul de cet\u0103\u021benie, \u00een care fiecare \u00ee\u0219i asum\u0103 responsabilitatea deplin\u0103 a apartenen\u021bei\nsociet\u0103\u021bii \u00een cadrul statului de drept comun. Aceste dou\u0103 realiz\u0103ri se afl\u0103 \u00een r\u0103zboi unul cu cel\u0103lalt \u00een parte\n\u00een parte pentru c\u0103 UE dore\u0219te s\u0103 suprime sau chiar s\u0103 distrug\u0103 ideea na\u021bional\u0103. Dar\n\u00cen\u021belese corect, acestea sunt interdependente. \u0218i aceasta este sarcina cu care se confrunt\u0103\ncu care ne confrunt\u0103m cu to\u021bii acum, \u0219i \u00een special tu. Trebuie s\u0103 recunoa\u0219tem c\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103\nidentitatea na\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i loialitatea rezultat\u0103, nu exist\u0103 nicio modalitate de a\npentru a construi o societate de cet\u0103\u021beni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Democra\u021bia\n\u0219i statul de drept sunt o realitate doar dac\u0103 p\u0103r\u021bile opuse pot tr\u0103i cu\nreciproc \u00een termeni. Marea gre\u0219eal\u0103\ncomuni\u0219tilor a fost de a elimina opozi\u021bia, de a recruta poporul \u00eentr-o \"unitate\" pe care ei au\npe care nu le-au ales \u0219i pe care nu au avut voie s\u0103 le pun\u0103 la \u00eendoial\u0103. Marele avantaj al democra\u021biei\neste c\u0103 face opozi\u021bia posibil\u0103 \u0219i legitim\u0103. Consecin\u021ba, \u00eens\u0103, este c\u0103 \u00eentr-un\ndemocra\u021bie mai mult de jum\u0103tate din popula\u021bie poate tr\u0103i \u00een orice moment sub un guvern\npe care nu l-au ales, poate chiar un guvern pe care \u00eel ur\u0103sc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce\nface posibil acest lucru? De ce nu cad democra\u021biile sub presiunea\nde opozi\u021bie popular\u0103? R\u0103spunsul este simplu: ele nu se pr\u0103bu\u0219esc pentru c\u0103\nloialitatea cet\u0103\u021beanului nu este fa\u021b\u0103 de guvern, ci fa\u021b\u0103 de ceva mai \u00eenalt, ceva care este\ncomun\u0103 tuturor cet\u0103\u021benilor, indiferent de convingerile lor politice \u0219i de\n\u00eenclina\u021bii. Acest lucru superior este na\u021biunea, entitatea din care facem parte cu to\u021bii, iar\ncare define\u0219te persoana \u00eent\u00e2i plural a politicii democratice. F\u0103r\u0103\nacest \"noi\" comun, democra\u021biile nu pot supravie\u021bui, \u0219i tocmai prin intermediul\ndistrugerea acestui \"noi\", comuni\u0219tii au reu\u0219it s\u0103 se men\u021bin\u0103 la putere, conduc\u00e2nd \u00een calitate de\n\"ei\" dictaturi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Se pare c\u0103\nPrin urmare, mi se pare c\u0103 a\u0219a-numi\u021bii populi\u0219ti au dreptate s\u0103 pun\u0103 accentul pe statul-na\u021biune.\nca o surs\u0103 de loialitate \u0219i c\u0103 adversarii lor liberali lumina\u021bi ar trebui s\u0103\ns\u0103 recunoasc\u0103 acest lucru \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eenceteze s\u0103 mai foloseasc\u0103 institu\u021biile europene ca mijloc de pedepsire.\nguverne care \u00eenclin\u0103 \u00een aceast\u0103 direc\u021bie. \u00cen schimb, cei care doresc s\u0103\ns\u0103 re\u00eenvie idealul na\u021bional \u0219i s\u0103 afirme drepturile suveranit\u0103\u021bii na\u021bionale ar trebui s\u0103\ns\u0103 asculte vocea iluminismului liberal \u0219i s\u0103 accepte c\u0103 sentimentele na\u021bionale \u00eentotdeauna\ntrebuie s\u0103 fie temperat\u0103 de recunoa\u0219terea acelor oameni care nu vor sau nu pot\ns\u0103 le \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219easc\u0103.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asta,\n\u00een opinia mea, define\u0219te \u00een fa\u021ba dumneavoastr\u0103 sarcina de ast\u0103zi de a reconcilia\nde dou\u0103 nevoi urgente: necesitatea afirm\u0103rii suveranit\u0103\u021bii na\u021bionale \u0219i a\nnecesitatea de a se conforma standardelor universale de cet\u0103\u021benie. Acestea sunt\ndou\u0103 mari daruri ale mo\u0219tenirii politice europene \u0219i se completeaz\u0103 reciproc.\ninterdependente. Ar trebui s\u0103 ne opunem celor care vor s\u0103 le despart\u0103, denun\u021b\u00e2nd\nuna sau alta ca fiind o ofens\u0103 \u00eempotriva poporului. La urma urmei, oamenii sunt cei care au\ncele mai multe de pierdut din orice conflict \u00eentre ele, iar sarcina\npolitician nu este de a crea conflicte, ci de a le calma. Sper c\u0103\nam ajuns \u00een punctul \u00een care acest lucru va fi posibil. \u0218i c\u0103 \u00een cele din urm\u0103 otrava\nadministrate de comuni\u0219ti vor fi scoase din sistem. <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

To wielki zaszczyt, \u017ce zosta\u0142em poproszony o przem\u00f3wienie na tym zgromadzeniu, reprezentuj\u0105cym parlamenty by\u0142ych pa\u0144stw komunistycznych. I ciesz\u0119 si\u0119 z okazji, by powiedzie\u0107 co\u015b o spu\u015bci\u017anie komunizmu i o tym, co to dla nas oznacza dzisiaj. Przyznaj\u0119, \u017ce jestem antykomunist\u0105. W latach 70-tych i 80-tych na naszych uniwersytetach w Wielkiej Brytanii antykomunist\u00f3w unikano. W ko\u0144cu […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":16200,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[81,50],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16199","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wiesci-z-sejmu","category-wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa"],"yoast_head":"\nRoger Scruton: Wyzwania dla rz\u0105d\u00f3w Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej - IV Szczyt Przewodnicz\u0105cych Parlament\u00f3w Pa\u0144stw Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Roger Scruton: Wyzwania dla rz\u0105d\u00f3w Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej - IV Szczyt Przewodnicz\u0105cych Parlament\u00f3w Pa\u0144stw Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"To wielki zaszczyt, \u017ce zosta\u0142em poproszony o przem\u00f3wienie na tym zgromadzeniu, reprezentuj\u0105cym parlamenty by\u0142ych pa\u0144stw komunistycznych. I ciesz\u0119 si\u0119 z okazji, by powiedzie\u0107 co\u015b o spu\u015bci\u017anie komunizmu i o tym, co to dla nas oznacza dzisiaj. Przyznaj\u0119, \u017ce jestem antykomunist\u0105. W latach 70-tych i 80-tych na naszych uniwersytetach w Wielkiej Brytanii antykomunist\u00f3w unikano. W ko\u0144cu […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-06-06T12:55:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-06-06T14:52:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/s4-5.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2048\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1416\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Scris de\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Timp estimat pentru citire\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"15 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6f62700996b4d950b6ea2d1183b6c6be\"},\"headline\":\"Roger Scruton: Wyzwania dla rz\u0105d\u00f3w Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej – IV Szczyt Przewodnicz\u0105cych Parlament\u00f3w Pa\u0144stw Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-06-06T12:55:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-06-06T14:52:18+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/\"},\"wordCount\":2951,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/s4-5.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Wie\u015bci z Sejmu\",\"Wsp\u00f3\u0142praca mi\u0119dzynarodowa\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/\",\"name\":\"Roger Scruton: Wyzwania dla rz\u0105d\u00f3w Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej - IV Szczyt Przewodnicz\u0105cych Parlament\u00f3w Pa\u0144stw Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/s4-5.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-06-06T12:55:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-06-06T14:52:18+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/s4-5.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/s4-5.jpg\",\"width\":2048,\"height\":1416},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Roger Scruton: Wyzwania dla rz\u0105d\u00f3w Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej – IV Szczyt Przewodnicz\u0105cych Parlament\u00f3w Pa\u0144stw Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/\",\"name\":\"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\",\"description\":\"Pose\u0142 na sejm RP – okr\u0119g nr 22\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Marek.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Marek.jpg\",\"width\":1600,\"height\":971,\"caption\":\"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6f62700996b4d950b6ea2d1183b6c6be\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4bab693b9d55c3d6b52c0296a8765085?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4bab693b9d55c3d6b52c0296a8765085?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/author\/marta-olejnik\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Roger Scruton: Wyzwania dla rz\u0105d\u00f3w Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej - IV Szczyt Przewodnicz\u0105cych Parlament\u00f3w Pa\u0144stw Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/","og_locale":"ro_RO","og_type":"article","og_title":"Roger Scruton: Wyzwania dla rz\u0105d\u00f3w Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej - IV Szczyt Przewodnicz\u0105cych Parlament\u00f3w Pa\u0144stw Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski","og_description":"To wielki zaszczyt, \u017ce zosta\u0142em poproszony o przem\u00f3wienie na tym zgromadzeniu, reprezentuj\u0105cym parlamenty by\u0142ych pa\u0144stw komunistycznych. I ciesz\u0119 si\u0119 z okazji, by powiedzie\u0107 co\u015b o spu\u015bci\u017anie komunizmu i o tym, co to dla nas oznacza dzisiaj. Przyznaj\u0119, \u017ce jestem antykomunist\u0105. W latach 70-tych i 80-tych na naszych uniwersytetach w Wielkiej Brytanii antykomunist\u00f3w unikano. W ko\u0144cu […]","og_url":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/","og_site_name":"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski","article_published_time":"2019-06-06T12:55:28+00:00","article_modified_time":"2019-06-06T14:52:18+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2048,"height":1416,"url":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/s4-5.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Scris de":"admin","Timp estimat pentru citire":"15 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6f62700996b4d950b6ea2d1183b6c6be"},"headline":"Roger Scruton: Wyzwania dla rz\u0105d\u00f3w Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej – IV Szczyt Przewodnicz\u0105cych Parlament\u00f3w Pa\u0144stw Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej","datePublished":"2019-06-06T12:55:28+00:00","dateModified":"2019-06-06T14:52:18+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/"},"wordCount":2951,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/s4-5.jpg","articleSection":["Wie\u015bci z Sejmu","Wsp\u00f3\u0142praca mi\u0119dzynarodowa"],"inLanguage":"ro-RO","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/","url":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/","name":"Roger Scruton: Wyzwania dla rz\u0105d\u00f3w Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej - IV Szczyt Przewodnicz\u0105cych Parlament\u00f3w Pa\u0144stw Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/s4-5.jpg","datePublished":"2019-06-06T12:55:28+00:00","dateModified":"2019-06-06T14:52:18+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ro-RO","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ro-RO","@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/s4-5.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/s4-5.jpg","width":2048,"height":1416},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa\/roger-scruton-wyzwania-dla-rzadow-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej-iv-szczyt-przewodniczacych-parlamentow-panstw-europy-srodkowej-i-wschodniej\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna","item":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Roger Scruton: Wyzwania dla rz\u0105d\u00f3w Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej – IV Szczyt Przewodnicz\u0105cych Parlament\u00f3w Pa\u0144stw Europy \u015arodkowej i Wschodniej"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#website","url":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/","name":"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski","description":"Pose\u0142 na sejm RP – okr\u0119g nr 22","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ro-RO"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#organization","name":"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski","url":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ro-RO","@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Marek.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Marek.jpg","width":1600,"height":971,"caption":"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6f62700996b4d950b6ea2d1183b6c6be","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ro-RO","@id":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4bab693b9d55c3d6b52c0296a8765085?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4bab693b9d55c3d6b52c0296a8765085?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"url":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/author\/marta-olejnik\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16199","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16199"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16199\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16213,"href":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16199\/revisions\/16213"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16200"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16199"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16199"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16199"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}