{"id":13523,"date":"2019-03-08T15:22:26","date_gmt":"2019-03-08T14:22:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/?p=13523"},"modified":"2019-03-08T15:30:59","modified_gmt":"2019-03-08T14:30:59","slug":"wielcy-zapomniani-ksiadz-abp-metropolita-eugeniusz-baziak-arcypasterz-wygnaniec","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wydarzenia\/wielcy-zapomniani-ksiadz-abp-metropolita-eugeniusz-baziak-arcypasterz-wygnaniec\/","title":{"rendered":"Marele uitat: Arhiepiscopul Mitropolit Eugeniusz Baziak - Arhip\u0103stor \u00een exil"},"content":{"rendered":"

Eugeniusz Baziak s-a n\u0103scut la 8 martie 1890 la Ternopil.<\/strong> B<\/strong>a fost unul dintre acei mari p\u0103stori ai Bisericii poloneze care, prin exemplul lor de via\u021b\u0103, credin\u021ba fervent\u0103 \u0219i patriotismul profund, au l\u0103sat o mare recuno\u0219tin\u021b\u0103 \u00een inimile oamenilor. C\u00e2nd l-a consacrat ca episcop pe p\u0103rintele Karol Wojtyla, mai t\u00e2rziu Papa Ioan Paul al II-lea, a spus: \"Sunt deja b\u0103tr\u00e2n \u0219i nu mai pot face mare lucru acum pentru Biseric\u0103, dar am definitivat c\u0103 cel mai bun dintre candida\u021bi va fi episcop, a\u0219a c\u0103 pute\u021bi fi lini\u0219ti\u021bi \u00een privin\u021ba viitorului\". Sf\u00e2ntul P\u0103rinte \u00eensu\u0219i \u0219i-a amintit ani mai t\u00e2rziu: \"\u00cemi amintesc la fel de clar ca \u0219i ast\u0103zi c\u0103 arhiepiscopul m-a luat de m\u00e2n\u0103 \u0219i m-a condus \u00een sala de a\u0219teptare, unde st\u0103teau preo\u021bii, \u0219i mi-a spus: Habemus papam. \u00cen lumina evenimentelor ulterioare, se poate spune c\u0103 acestea au fost cuvinte profetice\".<\/b><\/p>\n

La 21 iunie 1942, episcopul auxiliar de Lw\u00f3w, Eugeniusz Baziak, l-a hirotonit preot pe Ignacy Tokarczuk, mai t\u00e2rziu arhiepiscop \u0219i \"p\u0103stor al celor neclinti\u021bi\".\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen 1932, Papa Pius al XI-lea l-a numit pe Baziak ca episcop infanterist, iar la 15 septembrie 1933 - ca episcop auxiliar al arhiepiscopului de Lvov, Boleslaw Twardowski, cu care p\u0103rintele Baziak se cuno\u0219tea de mult timp. Arhiepiscopul Twardowski l-a consacrat pe noul episcop la 5 noiembrie 1933, \u00een Arhidiecatedrala din Lw\u00f3w.<\/p>\n

Rev. Waclaw Szetelnicki, \u00een cartea sa intitulat\u0103. \"Arhiepiscopul-exilat Eugeniusz Baziak, Mitropolit de Lw\u00f3w\" scrie: \"\u00cen ciuda aparentelor succese \u0219i reu\u0219ite \u00een via\u021b\u0103, via\u021ba preo\u021beasc\u0103 a Arhiepiscopului Eugeniusz Baziak a fost \u00eentotdeauna harnic\u0103 \u0219i dificil\u0103, dar s-a dovedit a fi cea mai dificil\u0103 \u00een timpul celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial. Crucea episcopal\u0103 care i-a fost at\u00e2rnat\u0103 pe piept \u00een ziua consacr\u0103rii sale a devenit un simbol al drumului crucii pe care a trebuit s\u0103 \u00eel parcurg\u0103 \u00een acei ani de lupt\u0103 \u0219i angoas\u0103.\" La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lui octombrie 1939, sovieticii au lichidat Facultatea de Teologie a Universit\u0103\u021bii Jan Kazimierz din Lviv, iar \u00een decembrie au lichidat seminarul. \u00cen acea perioad\u0103, precum \u0219i pe toat\u0103 perioada celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial, episcopul Baziak a desf\u0103\u0219urat activit\u0103\u021bi pentru a asigura continuitatea activit\u0103\u021bii seminarului \u00een locul arhiepiscopului Twardowski, care era foarte bolnav, \u0219i a conferit, de asemenea, hirotonii preo\u021be\u0219ti.<\/p>\n

Biserica din Lviv a organizat campanii de ajutorare caritabil\u0103 at\u00e2t pentru zecile de mii de polonezi deporta\u021bi \u00een mod criminal \u00een Uniunea Sovietic\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i pentru popula\u021bia local\u0103 s\u0103rac\u0103 \u0219i \u00eenfometat\u0103. Deja \u00een 1941, c\u00e2nd a izbucnit r\u0103zboiul germano-sovietic, al doilea ocupant a intrat \u00een Lviv. Episcopul Baziak a trebuit apoi s\u0103 se confrunte cu o alt\u0103 realitate foarte dur\u0103 din Lviv. \"Locul terorii ro\u0219ii a fost luat de teroarea brun\u0103, cu metode \u0219i mijloace similare \u00een principiu cu cele ale terorii ro\u0219ii. Au urmat \u00een cur\u00e2nd persecu\u021bii \u00een mas\u0103, \u00eencarcer\u0103ri \u0219i deport\u0103ri \u00een lag\u0103re de concentrare. Noii ocupan\u021bi au folosit acelea\u0219i \u00eenchisori ca \u0219i ocupan\u021bii sovietici preceden\u021bi, iar singura \"noutate\" \u00een exterminarea patrio\u021bilor \u0219i a activi\u0219tilor din rezisten\u021ba polonez\u0103 pentru independen\u021b\u0103 na\u021bional\u0103 a fost execu\u021bia lor pe strad\u0103. (...) De asemenea, germanii au aplicat destul de repede m\u0103surile represive men\u021bionate mai sus, invigilarea, provoc\u0103rile, anchetele \u0219i interogatoriile clerului din Curie \u0219i Seminar, precum \u0219i diverse alte restric\u021bii \u00eempotriva autorit\u0103\u021bilor biserice\u0219ti \u0219i a clerului din Lviv. (...) Germanii au fost ajuta\u021bi cu zel de na\u021bionali\u0219tii ucraineni din OUN \u0219i din Armata Insurgent\u0103 Ucrainean\u0103, care erau str\u00e2ns alia\u021bi cu germanii \u0219i \u00eei urau pe polonezi. Acest lucru a dus \u00een cur\u00e2nd la gheena locuitorilor polonezi din Volhynia \u0219i Podolia, \u00een care \u0219i-au pierdut via\u021ba sute de mii de oameni uci\u0219i cu bestialitate, inclusiv mul\u021bi preo\u021bi romano-catolici. \u00cen ciuda acestui fapt, superiorii lor preo\u021bi din Curia mitropolitan\u0103 de Lviv, \u00een frunte cu arhiepiscopul Boles\u0142aw Twardowski \u0219i episcopul Eugeniusz Baziak, \u0219i-au riscat adesea via\u021ba pentru a efectua vizite pastorale chiar \u0219i \u00een parohii foarte \u00eendep\u0103rtate de Lviv, pentru a-\u0219i face o idee despre starea lor actual\u0103 \u0219i despre evenimentele tragice care au avut loc acolo\". - Szolginia scrie. La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii iulie 1944, dup\u0103 ce armata german\u0103 a fost alungat\u0103 din ora\u0219, sovieticii au ocupat din nou Lviv. A \u00eenceput a doua ocupa\u021bie sovietic\u0103 a ora\u0219ului. Vechile restric\u021bii \u0219i persecu\u021bii ale Bisericii au revenit. Anul 1944 a marcat, de asemenea, moartea arhiepiscopului Boleslaw Twardowski. Atunci, Arhiepiscopul Mitropolit Eugeniusz Baziak a fost ales de c\u0103tre Sf\u00e2ntul P\u0103rinte ca p\u0103stor al Arhiepiscopiei de Lw\u00f3w, iar acesta a preluat conducerea Arhiepiscopiei la 22 noiembrie 1944.<\/p>\n

\u00cencep\u00e2nd din 1945, arhiepiscopul Eugeniusz Baziak a fost adus cu for\u021ba de c\u0103tre autorit\u0103\u021bile sovietice la interogatorii care durau toat\u0103 noaptea, cu scopul de a-l for\u021ba s\u0103 p\u0103r\u0103seasc\u0103 Lviv pentru totdeauna. Mult\u0103 vreme nu a cedat \u00een fa\u021ba oficialilor sovietici, dar c\u00e2nd situa\u021bia Bisericii din Lw\u00f3w a devenit f\u0103r\u0103 speran\u021b\u0103, a luat decizia dureroas\u0103 de a expatria seminarul \u0219i agen\u021biile curiei mitropolitane, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu arhivele sale, \u00een Polonia, \u00een cadrul noilor grani\u021be ale acesteia. A celebrat ultima sa Liturghie pontifical\u0103 \u00een Catedrala din Lvov \u00een Duminica Pa\u0219telui din 1946. La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii aprilie a aceluia\u0219i an, a p\u0103r\u0103sit ora\u0219ul s\u0103u iubit cu inima \u00eendurerat\u0103. Witold Szolginia aminte\u0219te \u00een cartea sa c\u0103 acest moment de cotitur\u0103 \u00een via\u021ba arhiepiscopului Baziak, \"aceast\u0103 circumstan\u021b\u0103 foarte tragic\u0103, dureroas\u0103 \u0219i sf\u00e2\u0219ietoare a devenit impulsul pentru descrierea emo\u021bionant\u0103 a lui ca arhiepiscop - exil...\". La mijlocul lunii august 1946, s-a mutat \u00een noua sa re\u0219edin\u021b\u0103 din Lubacz\u00f3w. Aici a primit vestea dureroas\u0103 c\u0103 autorit\u0103\u021bile comuniste din Polonia de atunci au lichidat seminarul, care fusese mutat de la Lviv la Kalwaria Zebrzydowska. \u00cen 1951, arhiepiscopul a fost numit \u00een continuare coadjutor al cardinalului \u0218tefan Sapieha la Cracovia, p\u0103str\u00e2ndu-\u0219i func\u021biile anterioare. Papa Pius al XII-lea de atunci, \u00een cazul decesului arhiepiscopului de Cracovia, l-a numit \u00een acela\u0219i timp administrator apostolic al arhidiecezei de Cracovia, cu autoritatea unui episcop rezident. C\u00e2nd cardinalul Sapieha a trecut la Domnul, arhiepiscopul Baziak \u0219i-a preluat noile \u00eendatoriri \u00een Arhiepiscopia de Cracovia. A fost o perioad\u0103 foarte dificil\u0103 pentru el, deoarece autorit\u0103\u021bile statului comunist duceau o lupt\u0103 din ce \u00een ce mai aprig\u0103 \u00eempotriva Bisericii poloneze. \u00cen decembrie 1952, l-au internat, apoi l-au arestat \u0219i l-au \u00eentemni\u021bat \u00eentr-una dintre \u00eenchisorile din Cracovia. Din cauza s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii sale precare, a fost eliberat \u00een 1953, dar i s-a interzis s\u0103 se \u00eentoarc\u0103 la Cracovia \u0219i Lubacz\u00f3w. El nu s-a \u00eentors p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1956, ca parte a a\u0219a-numitului dezghe\u021b de dup\u0103 octombrie.<\/p>\n

28 septembrie 1958 a intrat definitiv \u00een istoria Bisericii poloneze. Atunci, arhiepiscopul l-a consacrat pe p\u0103rintele Karol Wojty\u0142a ca episcop \u00een Catedrala Wawel. \u00cen biografia arhiepiscopului Eugeniusz Baziak, preotul deja citat infatuat Wac\u0142aw Szetelnicki scrie despre acest act semnificativ \u0219i memorabil: \"Nici unul dintre cei care umpleau bazilica Wawel \u0219i \u00eenconjurau confesiunea Sf\u00e2ntului Stanislau, episcop \u0219i martir, \u00een timpul riturilor de consacrare, nu \u0219i-ar fi putut imagina \u00een cele mai nebune\u0219ti vise c\u0103 particip\u0103 la consacrarea episcopal\u0103 a viitorului pap\u0103, primul din na\u021biunea polonez\u0103, care va str\u0103luci cu cea mai magnific\u0103 str\u0103lucire de slav\u0103 asupra Bisericii din lume \u0219i asupra patriei sale. Astfel, succesiunea apostolic\u0103 a viitorului Pap\u0103 a fost transmis\u0103 prin impunerea m\u00e2inilor de c\u0103tre Mitropolitul de Lw\u00f3w. Arhiepiscopul Eugeniusz Baziak a devenit un instrument al Providen\u021bei Divine. Ioan Paul al II-lea a f\u0103cut celebru numele Poloniei \u00een \u00eentreaga lume, iar odat\u0103 cu el, consacratul s\u0103u a intrat \u00een istorie\". Trebuie s\u0103 recunoa\u0219tem c\u0103 situa\u021bia arhiepiscopului Eugeniusz Baziak era extrem de complicat\u0103, deoarece, pe de o parte, el r\u0103m\u00e2nea \u00een continuare mitropolit de Lw\u00f3w \u0219i conducea fragmentul acestei eparhii din Lubacz\u00f3w prin intermediul plenipoten\u021biarului s\u0103u, iar pe de alt\u0103 parte, \u00eendeplinea de facto \u00eendatoririle de ordinar la Cracovia. Abia \u00een 1962 au avut loc schimb\u0103ri \u00een aceast\u0103 privin\u021b\u0103. Atunci, capitlul din Cracovia, prin intermediul cardinalului Stefan Wyszy\u0144ski, i-a cerut lui Ioan al XXIII-lea s\u0103 \u00eel fac\u0103 pe arhiepiscopul Baziak arhiepiscop mitropolit de Cracovia \u0219i s\u0103 uneasc\u0103 astfel arhiepiscopia de Lw\u00f3w \u0219i cea de Cracovia \u00eentr-o uniune personal\u0103. P\u0103rintele Szetelnicki o descrie \u00een cartea sa dup\u0103 cum urmeaz\u0103: \"\u00cen martie 1962 au avut loc decizii importante ale Sf\u00e2ntului Scaun care au schimbat fundamental situa\u021bia personal\u0103 a arhiepiscopului. La 2 februarie 1962, preo\u021bii - sufragani din Cracovia, Karol Wojty\u0142a \u0219i Julian Groblicki, precum \u0219i canonicii Capitlului Mitropolitan din Cracovia, s-au adresat Sf\u00e2ntului Scaun cu o cerere de numire a Arhiepiscopului Eugeniusz Baziak ca Arhiepiscop - Mitropolit de Cracovia. Ca r\u0103spuns, secretarul de stat al Sf\u00e2ntului Scaun, cardinalul A.J. Cicognani, l-a notificat pe primatul Stefan Wyszy\u0144ski c\u0103 arhiepiscopul Eugeniusz Baziak a fost transferat la sediul arhiepiscopal din Cracovia, devenind administratorul arhidiecezei din Lvov, pentru credincio\u0219ii de rit latin. Voin\u021ba Sf\u00e2ntului P\u0103rinte a fost comunicat\u0103 de primat arhiepiscopului Eugeniusz Baziak la 14 martie 1962, care i-a dat primatului consim\u021b\u0103m\u00e2ntul canonic pentru a prelua scaunul de la Cracovia. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, \u00eens\u0103, Arhiepiscopul Baziak, prin m\u00e2inile P\u0103rintelui Primat, a cerut Sf\u00e2ntului P\u0103rinte s\u0103 \u00eei permit\u0103 s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een acela\u0219i timp cu capitala arhiepiscopal\u0103 din Lvov, datorit\u0103 sensibilit\u0103\u021bii spirituale a credincio\u0219ilor din Arhiepiscopia de Lvov care au cerut acest lucru. Primatul a remarcat c\u0103, \u00een timpul unei conversa\u021bii la Var\u0219ovia, la 13 iunie 1962, \"Arhiepiscopul Baziak a sim\u021bit profund desp\u0103r\u021birea sa de Catedrala din Lw\u00f3w\". Din p\u0103cate, nu a mai fost timp pentru a anun\u021ba solemn numirea sa, deoarece la dou\u0103 zile dup\u0103 aceast\u0103 conversa\u021bie, arhiepiscopul Baziak a murit \u00een urma unui atac de cord. A fost \u00eenmorm\u00e2ntat \u00een Catedrala Wawel din Cracovia. Succesorul s\u0103u ca arhiepiscop de Cracovia a fost episcopul Karol Wojtyla, mai t\u00e2rziu Papa Ioan Paul al II-lea, care a prezidat ceremoniile funerare ale preotului decedat. C\u00e2t de mare a fost lovitura dat\u0103 episcopatului polonez de moartea arhiepiscopului Eugeniusz Baziak, putem afla din num\u0103rul din L'Osservatore Romano, publicat la c\u00e2teva zile dup\u0103 \u00eenmorm\u00e2ntarea sa. Citim acolo: \"Odat\u0103 cu moartea arhiepiscopului Baziak, Episcopia polonez\u0103 pierde unul dintre cei mai ilu\u0219tri reprezentan\u021bi ai s\u0103i, credincio\u0219ii pe care i-a \u00eengrijit un tat\u0103 iubitor \u0219i ferm, iar Biserica un p\u0103stor vigilent \u0219i responsabil p\u00e2n\u0103 la eroism. (...) Arhiepiscopul Baziak a fost victima calomniilor, a fost deportat \u0219i internat \u0219i \u0219i-a rec\u0103p\u0103tat libertatea datorit\u0103 credin\u021bei na\u021biunii poloneze, o credin\u021b\u0103 care inhib\u0103 \u0219i sl\u0103be\u0219te persecu\u021bia mai mult dec\u00e2t \u00een orice alt\u0103 \u021bar\u0103, o credin\u021b\u0103 care a p\u0103rut du\u0219manilor \u00een\u0219i\u0219i ca fiind singura for\u021b\u0103 care ar putea proteja o na\u021biune \u00eenrobit\u0103 de o nou\u0103 tragedie. (...) Ac\u021biunea sa hot\u0103r\u00e2t\u0103, dar t\u0103cut\u0103, a st\u00e2rnit marea admira\u021bie a celor c\u0103rora le era dat s\u0103-i judece valoarea. (...) Ioan al XXIII-lea l-a primit cu toat\u0103 efuziunea inimii sale p\u0103rinte\u0219ti, apreciind \u00een el un exemplu de zel apostolic, dep\u0103\u0219ind orice obstacol. A murit, l\u0103s\u00e2nd \u00een urma sa un exemplu instructiv de generozitate \u0219i de inepuizabil\u0103 energie apostolic\u0103\".<\/p>\n

sursa: Piotr Czartoryski-Sziler, Nasz Dziennik<\/em><\/p>\n

\"00001.4._arcybiskup_karol_wojtyla_otrzymuje_godnosc_kardynalska_z_rak_ojca_sw\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Arhiepiscopul Eugeniusz Baziak \u00eel consacr\u0103 pe reverendul Karol Wojtyla ca episcop<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Eugeniusz Baziak przyszed\u0142 na \u015bwiat 8 marca 1890 roku w Tarnopolu. By\u0142 jednym z tych wielkich pasterzy Ko\u015bcio\u0142a polskiego, kt\u00f3rzy przyk\u0142adem \u017cycia, \u017carliw\u0105 wiar\u0105 i g\u0142\u0119bokim patriotyzmem pozostawili po sobie wielk\u0105 wdzi\u0119czno\u015b\u0107 w sercach ludzkich. Kiedy konsekrowa\u0142 na biskupa ks. Karola Wojty\u0142\u0119, p\u00f3\u017aniejszego Papie\u017ca Jana Paw\u0142a II, powiedzia\u0142: „Jestem ju\u017c stary i niewiele teraz mog\u0119 […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":13527,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[77,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13523","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wazne-daty","category-wydarzenia"],"yoast_head":"\nWielcy zapomniani: Ksi\u0105dz abp metropolita Eugeniusz Baziak - arcypasterz wygnaniec – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wydarzenia\/wielcy-zapomniani-ksiadz-abp-metropolita-eugeniusz-baziak-arcypasterz-wygnaniec\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Wielcy zapomniani: Ksi\u0105dz abp metropolita Eugeniusz Baziak - arcypasterz wygnaniec – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Eugeniusz Baziak przyszed\u0142 na \u015bwiat 8 marca 1890 roku w Tarnopolu. By\u0142 jednym z tych wielkich pasterzy Ko\u015bcio\u0142a polskiego, kt\u00f3rzy przyk\u0142adem \u017cycia, \u017carliw\u0105 wiar\u0105 i g\u0142\u0119bokim patriotyzmem pozostawili po sobie wielk\u0105 wdzi\u0119czno\u015b\u0107 w sercach ludzkich. Kiedy konsekrowa\u0142 na biskupa ks. 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