{"id":1046,"date":"2016-06-12T20:44:44","date_gmt":"2016-06-12T18:44:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/scruton\/"},"modified":"2020-01-12T21:02:08","modified_gmt":"2020-01-12T20:02:08","slug":"scruton","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wydarzenia\/scruton\/","title":{"rendered":"Prof. Roger Scruton onorat de pre\u0219edintele \u0219i pre\u0219edintele Sejm-ului polonez"},"content":{"rendered":"

La o zi dup\u0103 ce a fost \u00eennobilat de regina Angliei, Sir Roger Scruton, unul dintre cei mai eminen\u021bi g\u00e2nditori ai timpului nostru, a primit medalia \"Curaj \u0219i credibilitate\" din partea pre\u0219edintelui \u0219i a pre\u0219edintelui Parlamentului polonez.<\/p>\n

Dup\u0103 cum a spus chiar el \u00eensu\u0219i \u00een timpul congresului Proiectului Polonia Mare: \u00een zilele de fric\u0103 \u0219i frustrare, a c\u0103zut \u00een rolul unui filosof conservator. La \u00eenceputul anilor 1980, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu baroneasa Caroline Cox \u0219i Jessica Douglas-Home Scruton, a fondat Jagiellonian Trust, o organiza\u021bie care a oferit conservatorilor polonezi c\u0103r\u021bi, reviste \u0219i ajutor medical \u0219i financiar. A transmis mesajul anticomunist pentru Europa de Est \u00een paginile cotidianului The Times \u0219i ale revistei Salisbury Review, o revist\u0103 conservatoare al c\u0103rei fondator \u0219i redactor-\u0219ef a fost. \u00cen acele zile, sprijinul unor oameni ca Scruton a fost de nepre\u021buit pentru regiunea noastr\u0103. Realitatea polonez\u0103 era inacceptabil\u0103 pentru el, era o lume din care voia s\u0103 ne elibereze. \"Polonia fusese deposedat\u0103 de identitatea sa, pe care o p\u0103strase indiferent de ac\u021biunile lui Stalin sau Hitler... Era o \u021bar\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103luit\u0103 \u00een propria sa aur\u0103 misterioas\u0103, \u00een care am sim\u021bit suflul agresiunii. O \u021bar\u0103 plin\u0103 de fric\u0103, unde oamenii vorbeau \u00een \u0219oapt\u0103 sau st\u0103teau \u00een t\u0103cere... \u00cen timp ce mergeam, auzeam pa\u0219i care se lini\u0219teau pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce st\u0103team \u00een picioare...\" - a spus el.<\/p>\n

\u00cen anii 1980, a c\u0103utat din proprie ini\u021biativ\u0103 anticomuni\u0219ti \u00een Polonia \u0219i a implicat cercurile \u0219tiin\u021bifice \u0219i academice \u00een lupta \u00eempotriva regimului. Reflec\u021biile comune, de exemplu, cu privire la economia de pia\u021b\u0103 liber\u0103, au format aripa dreapt\u0103 polonez\u0103.<\/p>\n

Przemy\u015bl a fost unul dintre primele ora\u0219e care a sc\u0103pat de limitele sumbre ale comunismului. Un grup dedicat g\u00e2ndirii filosofice a f\u0103cut ca via\u021ba ora\u0219ului s\u0103 fie liber\u0103. Atunci, Roger Scruton l-a \u00eent\u00e2lnit pe redactorul-\u0219ef al \"Mansardei culturale\", un grup de filosofi, poe\u021bi \u0219i caricaturi\u0219ti - actualul pre\u0219edinte al Sejm, Marek Kuchci\u0144ski. \"Cu Kuchci\u0144ski am construit o re\u021bea anticomunist\u0103\", a spus Scruton. \u00cen Przemy\u015bl, a g\u0103zduit mai multe \u00eent\u00e2lniri de la Attic, printre care \"St\u00e2nga \u0219i conservatorismul\", \"Sindicatele \u0219i legea\" \u0219i \"Principiile politicii conservatoare\".<\/p>\n

\u00cen timpul panelului, el a amintit: - M-am implicat \u00een aceast\u0103 cultur\u0103 polonez\u0103 de opozi\u021bie direct influen\u021bat\u0103 de o vizit\u0103 \u00een Polonia \u00een 1979, imediat dup\u0103 vizita Papei Ioan Paul al II-lea \u00een \u021bara sa natal\u0103. Am fost foarte impresionat de atmosfera din Polonia - tensiuni uria\u0219e, fric\u0103, dar \u0219i mici semin\u021be de speran\u021b\u0103 peste tot. A\u0219a c\u0103 m-am g\u00e2ndit c\u0103, dac\u0103 exist\u0103 semin\u021be de speran\u021b\u0103 aici, ar trebui s\u0103 \u00eencerc s\u0103 le ud, s\u0103 le las s\u0103 creasc\u0103. Dup\u0103 ce am vizitat Polonia, am mers \u00een Cehoslovacia pentru a \u021bine un seminar privat pentru cei care nu mai puteau predau la universitate \u0219i pentru tinerii care se adunaser\u0103 \u00een jurul lor, care nu puteau studia la universitate din cauza statutului lor social inadecvat. \u00cempreun\u0103 cu c\u00e2\u021biva prieteni, am decis s\u0103-i ajut\u0103m pe ace\u0219ti oameni, adic\u0103 s\u0103 le trimitem ceea ce au nevoie, dar \u0219i s\u0103 vizit\u0103m oamenii pentru a le transmite mesajul c\u0103 nu i-am uitat. Nu a fost u\u0219or, pentru c\u0103 a fost foarte dificil s\u0103 \u00eei conving pe colegii mei din universit\u0103\u021bi s\u0103 coopereze, deoarece to\u021bi aveau opinii de st\u00e2nga \u0219i nu credeau c\u0103 ar fi \u00een\u021belept s\u0103 se tulbure echilibrul care asigura pacea \u00een Europa, pacea sovietic\u0103 pe care voiau s\u0103 o impun\u0103 \u0219i Marii Britanii. A\u0219adar, a fost foarte dificil s\u0103 continui (\u00een Marea Britanie), dar, dup\u0103 cum am descoperit, a fost mult mai u\u0219or, \u00eentr-o anumit\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103, aici (\u00een Polonia). \u00cen timpul vizitei mele, am fost la Universitatea Catolic\u0103 din Lublin, ultima universitate independent\u0103 din Europa de Est \u0219i, de fapt, singura universitate independent\u0103 din punct de vedere intelectual din Europa. Era singurul loc din Europa unde se putea vorbi \u00een mod liber despre ideea de conservatorism. Acolo l-am \u00eent\u00e2lnit pe un t\u00e2n\u0103r conferen\u021biar, Marek Matraszek, care venise din Anglia, petrecuse un an acolo \u0219i c\u0103uta al\u021bi anticomuni\u0219ti englezi \u00een jurul s\u0103u. A\u0219a c\u0103 m-am prezentat ca un anticomunist \u00een vizit\u0103, \u00een c\u0103utare de recru\u021bi. \u0218i \u00eemi spune: iat\u0103 unul, care se ofer\u0103 cu d\u0103ruire. At\u00e2t de grozav, \u00eenc\u00e2t a\u0219 putea forma o echip\u0103. \u00cenapoi \u00een Anglia, am mai g\u0103sit c\u00e2teva persoane: Jessica a fost o puternic\u0103 opozant\u0103 a comunismului toat\u0103 via\u021ba ei \u0219i a vrut s\u0103 se al\u0103ture \u0219i s\u0103 ajute. La fel au f\u0103cut \u0219i Caroline Fox \u0219i Agnieszka Kolakowska, a c\u0103ror credibilitate nu trebuie explicat\u0103 \u00een aceast\u0103 \u021bar\u0103. A\u0219a c\u0103 am \u00eenfiin\u021bat un mic trust pentru a str\u00e2nge bani pentru a trimite oameni \u00een vizit\u0103 la cei pe care i-am \u00eent\u00e2lnit aici \u0219i care simpatizau (cu opiniile noastre). Ideea era s\u0103-i trimitem \u00een locurile unde existau ac\u021biuni (anticomuniste) \u0219i s\u0103 le oferim lucrurile de care aveau nevoie pentru a continua aceste ac\u021biuni, adic\u0103: c\u0103r\u021bi, discu\u021bii, idei, materiale pentru publica\u021bii clandestine, ceva bani (de\u0219i nu aveam prea mul\u021bi) \u0219i, \u00een general, un sim\u021b al cooper\u0103rii britanice, care este cel mai valoros lucru pe care \u00eel are \u021bara noastr\u0103. \u00cen orice situa\u021bie critic\u0103, cel pu\u021bin englezii, dar cred c\u0103 \u00eentr-o oarecare m\u0103sur\u0103 \u0219i sco\u021bienii, lucreaz\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103, formeaz\u0103 mici comunit\u0103\u021bi \u0219i \u00eentreprinderi, \u00eencerc\u00e2nd s\u0103 rezolve o problem\u0103. Acesta este cel mai valoros lucru pe care \u00eel avem \u0219i este motivul pentru care suntem \u00eenc\u0103 o \u021bar\u0103 independent\u0103 - sau vom fi \u00een cur\u00e2nd, \u00een nu multe zile. (R\u00e2sete \u00een sal\u0103) \u0218i aceast\u0103 valoare este foarte pre\u021bioas\u0103 pentru Polonia, unde ai toate valorile morale, curajul, onestitatea, dar trebuie s\u0103 protejezi un lucru - capacitatea de a coopera. Am creat o mic\u0103 comunitate \u00een opozi\u021bie cu ortodoxia comunist\u0103 - prin intermediul lumii intelectuale \u0219i prin mici asocia\u021bii - \u00een afara universit\u0103\u021bilor - de oameni interesa\u021bi de cultura \u0219i istoria \u021b\u0103rii lor. Am fost foarte noroco\u0219i s\u0103 \u00eel \u00eent\u00e2lnim pe Marek Kuchci\u0144ski, care este acum - m\u0103 bucur s\u0103 spun - pre\u0219edintele Sejm-ului polonez, \u0219i care ne-a invitat apoi la Przemy\u015bl, un ora\u0219 frumos \u0219i vechi din Europa Central\u0103, care este un centru al propriei sale culturi locale. \u0218i prin intermediul lui am \u00eenceput s\u0103 cre\u0103m o re\u021bea de contacte care a fost foarte valoroas\u0103 pentru noi. <\/span>
Cred c\u0103, din p\u0103cate, nu ne putem asuma meritele pentru \u00eenfr\u00e2ngerea comuni\u0219tilor, pentru c\u0103 a fost nevoie de o mi\u0219care social\u0103 de mas\u0103. \u0218i a\u021bi avut o mi\u0219care social\u0103 de mas\u0103 \u00een acea perioad\u0103, Solidaritatea, care a fost un eveniment extraordinar, iar eu sunt fericit c\u0103 am tr\u0103it acest eveniment extraordinar. A fost prima revolu\u021bie de mas\u0103 autentic\u0103 a clasei muncitoare din toate timpurile. A fost o rebeliune \u00eempotriva socialismului, nu pentru socialism, iar aceasta este o negare evident\u0103 a teoriei marxismului. Am privit cu to\u021bii cu uimire \u0219i \u00eenc\u00e2ntare ceea ce s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat, pentru c\u0103 a schimbat lumea. Desigur, tot ceea ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u00een Polonia r\u0103m\u00e2ne controversat \u00een Polonia, dar peste tot nu este controversat. Ne bucur\u0103m c\u0103 Solidaritatea a existat \u0219i c\u0103 a f\u0103cut ceea ce a f\u0103cut. Credem c\u0103 a schimbat istoria mai complet dec\u00e2t a f\u0103cut-o Partidul Comunist \u00eenainte de el.(...) <\/span>
\u00cen discursul rostit dup\u0103 ce a fost decorat cu medalia \"Curaj \u0219i credibilitate\", Roger Scruton \u0219i-a amintit \u00een mod special de \u00eent\u00e2lnirile sale de la Universitatea Catolic\u0103 din Lublin \u0219i de la Przemy\u015bl:<\/span>
- (...) Dintre toate locurile \u00een care mi-am f\u0103cut prieteni \u00een acei ani dificili, dou\u0103 mi se par a fi simboluri ale rezisten\u021bei poloneze la comunism: Universitatea Catolic\u0103 din Lublin, care \u0219i-a p\u0103strat autonomia intelectual\u0103 \u00een anii comunismului, \u0219i Przemy\u015bl, un ora\u0219 din sud-estul Poloniei care a fost \u00een centrul multor conflicte \u0219i unde a mai r\u0103mas ceva din vechiul spirit social. Chiar \u0219i atunci, \u00een Przemy\u015bl exista un grup de discu\u021bii dedicat ideilor filosofice \u0219i politice. Vizitele noastre acolo au fost primite cu entuziasm de c\u0103tre participan\u021bi. Acolo am stabilit contacte cu arti\u0219ti, cu autori de publica\u021bii clandestine \u0219i ne-am dat seama \u00een cur\u00e2nd c\u0103 Przemy\u015bl era un loc care dorea s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 el \u00eensu\u0219i \u00een ciuda realit\u0103\u021bii comuniste sumbre. \u00cen special, Marek Kuchci\u0144ski a jucat un rol important \u00een formarea unei societ\u0103\u021bi civile autentice \u00een Przemy\u015bl. La fel ca mul\u021bi tineri polonezi din genera\u021bia sa, el a v\u0103zut economia de pia\u021b\u0103 liber\u0103 \u0219i conservatorismul cultural ca p\u0103r\u021bi inseparabile ale aceleia\u0219i transform\u0103ri (sistemice), capabile s\u0103 readuc\u0103 Polonia la istoria sa \u0219i s\u0103-i restaureze identitatea na\u021bional\u0103. Oamenii care au participat la conversa\u021biile noastre proveneau din diferite medii sociale, dar erau uni\u021bi de m\u00e2ndria fa\u021b\u0103 de ora\u0219ul lor \u0219i de rezisten\u021ba fa\u021b\u0103 de regimul care \u00eel furase de la ei. A fost deosebit de satisf\u0103c\u0103tor pentru noi s\u0103 vedem diferen\u021ba pe care am putut-o face \u00eentr-un ora\u0219 mic, care nu era important pentru jurnali\u0219tii occidentali, dar care s-a folosit de ideea noastr\u0103 (la propriu, un colac de salvare) mai mult dec\u00e2t orice ora\u0219 mare. \u00centr-un ora\u0219 de provincie ca Przemy\u015bl, unde oamenii tr\u0103iau, neg\u00e2nd distinc\u021bia oficial\u0103 dintre \u0219oaptele vie\u021bii private \u0219i dictatele vie\u021bii publice. Str\u0103zile erau pline de via\u021b\u0103 \u0219i veselie chiar \u0219i noaptea. Puteai s\u0103 te plimbi \u00een jurul lor, ca la Londra, discut\u00e2nd liber cu prietenii, sau s\u0103 stai \u00een picioare \u0219i s\u0103 a\u0219tep\u021bi pe cineva, f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 atragi aten\u021bia asupra ta sau asupra vreunui personaj \u00een uniform\u0103. Foarte diferit de Var\u0219ovia, unde peste tot erau patrule de mili\u021bie, gata s\u0103 controleze \u00een orice moment activitatea trec\u0103torilor. Acest lucru a fost deosebit de problematic pe timp de noapte (...) <\/span><\/p>\n

Filosoful credea c\u0103 comuni\u0219tii trebuie pedepsi\u021bi. Din nefericire, a devenit clar pentru el c\u0103 partidul nu va pl\u0103ti pentru propriile crime. El \u00eensu\u0219i a recunoscut c\u0103 mo\u0219tenirea comunismului nu a fost \u00een\u021beleas\u0103. Vidul l\u0103sat de acesta a fost umplut \u00een Polonia de for\u021bele occidentale \u0219i, la fel ca Margaret Thatcher la acea vreme, Lege \u0219i Justi\u021bie este considerat\u0103 ast\u0103zi o amenin\u021bare la adresa democra\u021biei de c\u0103tre cercurile occidentale, \u00een special de st\u00e2nga. \u00cen opozi\u021bie cu UE se afl\u0103 dorin\u021ba lui Pis de a-\u0219i rec\u0103p\u0103ta o patrie cu un sentiment de securitate \u0219i tradi\u021bie. UE ne r\u0103pe\u0219te dreptul la cultur\u0103 \u0219i la identitate na\u021bional\u0103, \u00een timp ce PiS vrea s\u0103 p\u0103streze aceast\u0103 identitate. \"Aceste tipuri de valori vin din exterior, de la birocra\u021bi \u0219i judec\u0103tori care nu tr\u0103iesc \u00een propriile \u021b\u0103ri, nu le \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219esc valorile, dar se aga\u021b\u0103 de o agend\u0103 interna\u021bional\u0103 \u00een numele unor ipoteze prost concepute\" - a sus\u021binut el.<\/span><\/p>\n

Scruton consider\u0103 cre\u0219tinismul ca fiind fundamentul mo\u0219tenirii noastre. \"Eu am Sper c\u0103 tradi\u021bia cre\u0219tin\u0103, care a permis Poloniei s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i p\u0103streze identitatea \u00een timpul perioadei comuniste, va fi din nou \u00een prim plan\", a spus el \u00een timpul dezbaterii. <\/span><\/p>\n

text\/fotografii de Marta Olejnik<\/p>\n

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De la st\u00e2nga: Jacek Borz\u0119cki, pre\u0219edintele Sejm Marek Kuchcinski, Sir Roger Scruton, Jan Jarosz, Janusz Czarski<\/span><\/p>\n

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Dzie\u0144 po nobilitacji przez kr\u00f3low\u0105 angielsk\u0105 Sir Roger Scruton, jeden z najwybitniejszych my\u015blicieli naszych czas\u00f3w, odebra\u0142 z r\u0105k prezydenta i marsza\u0142ka Sejmu RP medal \u201eOdwaga i Wiarygodno\u015b\u0107\u201d. Jak sam powiedzia\u0142 podczas kongresu Polska Wielki Projekt: w dniach obaw i frustracji przypad\u0142a mu rola konserwatywnego filozofa. Na pocz\u0105tku lat 80. wraz baronow\u0105 Caroline Cox i Jessic\u0105 Douglas-Home […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1029,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1046","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wydarzenia"],"yoast_head":"\nProf. Roger Scruton uhonorowany przez prezydenta i marsza\u0142ka Sejmu RP – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wydarzenia\/scruton\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Prof. Roger Scruton uhonorowany przez prezydenta i marsza\u0142ka Sejmu RP – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dzie\u0144 po nobilitacji przez kr\u00f3low\u0105 angielsk\u0105 Sir Roger Scruton, jeden z najwybitniejszych my\u015blicieli naszych czas\u00f3w, odebra\u0142 z r\u0105k prezydenta i marsza\u0142ka Sejmu RP medal \u201eOdwaga i Wiarygodno\u015b\u0107\u201d. Jak sam powiedzia\u0142 podczas kongresu Polska Wielki Projekt: w dniach obaw i frustracji przypad\u0142a mu rola konserwatywnego filozofa. Na pocz\u0105tku lat 80. wraz baronow\u0105 Caroline Cox i Jessic\u0105 Douglas-Home […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/ro\/wydarzenia\/scruton\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-06-12T18:44:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-01-12T20:02:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/1-DSCF9033.JPG\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"683\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Scris de\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" 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