{"id":27019,"date":"2022-12-06T18:08:05","date_gmt":"2022-12-06T17:08:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/?p=27019"},"modified":"2023-01-31T15:18:23","modified_gmt":"2023-01-31T14:18:23","slug":"marek-kuchcinski-portal-archiwum-wolnosci-to-historia-wspomnienia-i-emocje","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wydarzenia\/marek-kuchcinski-portal-archiwum-wolnosci-to-historia-wspomnienia-i-emocje\/","title":{"rendered":"Marek Kuchci\u0144ski: Port\u00e1l Archiv svobody je historie, vzpom\u00ednky a up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 emoce"},"content":{"rendered":"

Po v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 letech obnoven\u00e9 Kulturn\u00ed sdru\u017een\u00ed Przemy\u015bl, kter\u00e9 vzniklo na p\u0159elomu let 1989 a 1990 jako pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed vyr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edho z opozice Solidarita a protikomunistick\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed, aktivizuje prost\u0159ed\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00fdch protikomunistick\u00fdch aktivist\u016f a z\u00e1jemc\u016f o literaturu, um\u011bn\u00ed, filozofii a ochranu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. V sobotu 3. prosince se v prostor\u00e1ch b\u00fdval\u00e9ho Empiku konala propagace knihy Strych (Podkrov\u00ed), kter\u00e1 obsahuje rozhovory se st\u00e1l\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edky setk\u00e1n\u00ed Marka Kuchci\u0144sk\u00e9ho - politiky, v\u011bdci, b\u00e1sn\u00edky, um\u011blci z Polska i zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Port\u00e1l Archivum wolno\u015bci - ZIEMIA PRZEMYSKA I REGION 1967-1997 (archiwumwolnosci.pl)<\/a> je jak\u00fdmsi pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm druh\u00e9ho d\u00edlu - i zde se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me se vzpom\u00ednkami \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f ud\u00e1lost\u00ed od 60. let, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1m p\u0159edali p\u0159\u00edmo oni sami, bez novin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho zkreslen\u00ed a filtr\u016f tajn\u00e9 policie. Up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 rozhovory, \u010dasto sentiment\u00e1ln\u00ed vzpom\u00ednky na \u017eivot v Polsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republice, spiknut\u00ed, l\u00e1sku, \u00fasp\u011bchy, zklam\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed. Inici\u00e1tor setk\u00e1n\u00ed Marek Kuchci\u0144ski zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee chceme hovo\u0159it tak, aby se v n\u00e1s objevilo co nejv\u00edce osobn\u00edch, n\u011bkdy a\u017e sentiment\u00e1ln\u00edch setk\u00e1n\u00ed a emoc\u00ed. Emoce jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 nejen v politice; bez emoc\u00ed se st\u00e1v\u00e1me jak\u00fdmisi roboty, kte\u0159\u00ed se na sv\u011bt d\u00edvaj\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b racion\u00e1ln\u011b, a sv\u011bt je p\u0159ece slo\u017eit\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b rozhovor\u016f a vzpom\u00ednek jsou na port\u00e1lu k dispozici fotografie a archivn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly: Kategorie: Fotoalba - Archiv svobody (archiwumwolnosci.pl)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Propagace se z\u00fa\u010dastnili mimo jin\u00e9 prezident PTK Dr. Jan Musia\u0142, Prof. Jan Draus, Prof. Jan Majchrowski, Prof. Jerzy Pi\u00f3recki, Dr. Janusz Czarski, Piotr Jegli\u0144ski, Katarzyna Jegli\u0144ska, Wie\u0144czys\u0142aw Nowacki, Henryk Cz\u0105stka, Jan Karu\u015b, Stanis\u0142aw Kusi\u0144ski, Otec P\u0119pek, Fr. Kusi\u0144ski a dal\u0161\u00ed. Andrzej Szpyt, dr. Jan Jarosz, Lucyna Podhalicz, Piotr Pilch, Waldemar Wiglusz, Stanis\u0142aw Ch\u0119\u0107, Marek Ba\u0144kowski, Jolanta R\u00f3\u017ca Koz\u0142owska, Marek Kami\u0144ski, Adam Pawlu\u015b, Robert Choma, Beata Kot, Andrzej Matusiewicz, Jerzy Bonarek, dr. Narcyz Pi\u00f3recki, Adam \u0141ozi\u0144ski, Bogus\u0142aw Zaleszczyk, Beata Kot, Ilona Stepek, Karolina Bogusz, Wit Siwiec, Dawid Lasek, Ernest Nowak, Ryszard Mi\u0142oszewski, Marek Mikrut, Arkadiusz Mazur, Andrzej Paniw, re\u017e. Wit W\u00f3jtowicz, Alicja Gu\u0142a, Witold Wi\u015bniewski, Krystyna Makara, Janusz Ob\u0142\u0105k, Lucyna Czarska, Marek Kami\u0144ski, Zenon Zegarski, Zdzis\u0142aw Szeliga, Artur Bro\u017cyniak, Daniel Krawiec, Brygida Busz, Krzysztof Sa\u0142ata, Jacek Borz\u0119cki, Prof. Knut Ingars Western, Agnieszka Bukowa-Jedynak, Ryszard Mi\u0142oszewski, Stanis\u0142aw Wnorowski, Ryszard G\u00f3ral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PODKROV\u00cd-KULTURN\u00cd<\/a><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00daVOD<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podkrov\u00ed je spojov\u00e1no s tajemn\u00fdm m\u00edstem, kter\u00e9 je n\u00e1hodn\u00e9mu n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edkovi pon\u011bkud skryto. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 vzbuzuje zv\u011bdavost, co skr\u00fdv\u00e1, je p\u0159\u00edslibem n\u011b\u010deho zak\u00e1zan\u00e9ho, o\u00e1zou v\u011bc\u00ed, my\u0161lenek, p\u0159edstav, kter\u00e9 se na chv\u00edli zastavily na sv\u00e9 cest\u011b mezi t\u00edm, co bylo vytvo\u0159eno v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Z\u00e1\u017eitky nashrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 na p\u016fd\u011b dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed nov\u00fd v\u00fdznam a znovu se k lidem vracej\u00ed. Takov\u00e1 byla Kulturn\u00ed p\u016fda: podzemn\u00ed noviny, kter\u00e9 vznikaly na p\u016fd\u011b, v hlav\u00e1ch lid\u00ed hledaj\u00edc\u00edch \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm sv\u011btem.
N\u00e1zev \u010dasopisu odkazoval na d\u011bdictv\u00ed generac\u00ed; zapr\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9, opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 n\u011bkde na p\u016fd\u011b, bez n\u011bho\u017e by byl pohled na komunitu ne\u00fapln\u00fd. Pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 to byla p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost setkat se s um\u011bn\u00edm, pro jin\u00e9 nov\u00e1 my\u0161lenka, n\u00e1pad. Kulturn\u00ed podkrov\u00ed tedy nen\u00ed jen n\u00e1zev liter\u00e1rn\u00edho a um\u011bleck\u00e9ho \u010dasopisu, ale tak\u00e9 m\u00edsto setk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed skupiny p\u0159\u00e1tel, kte\u0159\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed nez\u00e1visl\u00fd kulturn\u00ed okruh. Jedn\u00e1 se o upravenou p\u016fdu rodinn\u00e9ho domu plnou um\u011bleck\u00fdch d\u011bl, obraz\u016f a knih, ze kter\u00e9 je vid\u011bt na okoln\u00ed kopce. P\u0159ed domem se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 star\u00fd ovocn\u00fd sad s n\u011bkolika des\u00edtkami let star\u00fdmi rozlo\u017eit\u00fdmi jablon\u011bmi a nekosenou v\u00edcekv\u011btou loukou. V\u0161ude spousta zelen\u011b. \"Z perspektivy podkrov\u00ed (loftu) jsme se d\u00edvali na sv\u011bt kolem n\u00e1s, ani\u017e bychom zapomn\u011bli na existenci podzem\u00ed. \u017dili jsme tedy pon\u011bkud dualistick\u00fdm \u017eivotem: pracovali jsme, starali se o ka\u017edodenn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti podle komunistick\u00fdch pravidel, ale vedle toho jsme \u017eili duchovn\u011b, co\u017e bylo n\u011bco mnohem d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edho,\" p\u00ed\u0161e v \u00favodu reedice Marek Kuchci\u0144ski, hostitel podkrov\u00ed a jeden z redaktor\u016f \u010dasopisu. (\"SK\" vyd\u00e1vali tak\u00e9 Jan Musia\u0142, Mirek Koco\u0142 a Mariusz Ko\u015bciuk).
Profesor Jaros\u0142aw Piekalkiewicz se neboj\u00ed odv\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch srovn\u00e1n\u00ed: atika byla d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se na prvn\u00ed pohled zd\u00e1. Atmosf\u00e9ra t\u011bchto setk\u00e1n\u00ed mi p\u0159ipom\u00ednala m\u00e1 setk\u00e1n\u00ed v Dom\u00e1c\u00ed arm\u00e1d\u011b. Na p\u016fd\u011b jsme se stejn\u011b jako v Dom\u00e1c\u00ed arm\u00e1d\u011b c\u00edtili svobodn\u00ed. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee jsme za v\u00e1lky riskovali mnohem v\u00edc, proto\u017ee n\u00e1s mu\u010dili a zab\u00edjeli, ale pro n\u00e1s, stejn\u011b jako pro \u010dleny Podkrov\u00ed, \"Polsko je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed mrtv\u00e9, dokud jsme na\u017eivu\". \u010clenov\u00e9 podkrov\u00ed riskovali \u0161ikanu ze strany \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f, komunist\u016f, mo\u017en\u00e1 i zat\u010den\u00ed a ur\u010dit\u011b i pot\u00ed\u017ee v kari\u00e9\u0159e. Stejn\u011b jako my ostatn\u00ed v Domobran\u011b byli v men\u0161in\u011b, proto\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina Pol\u00e1k\u016f v\u011b\u0159ila, \u017ee je t\u0159eba \u017e\u00edt.
\"Kulturn\u00ed podkrov\u00ed\" v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 symbolem dodnes. Neexistuje seri\u00f3zn\u00ed znalec polsk\u00e9 politiky 80. let, kter\u00fd by ve \"Strychovi\" nevid\u011bl z\u00e1rodek zm\u011bny. Plamen, kter\u00fd pohltil celou komunitu, z n\u00ed sice nevze\u0161el, ale byla to jedna z jisker, kter\u00e9 tehdy rozn\u00edtily fantazii. I nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed odp\u016frci Marka Kuchci\u0144sk\u00e9ho uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee dok\u00e1zal v Przemy\u015blu na okraji Polska vytvo\u0159it m\u00edsto, kter\u00e9 dalo znamen\u00ed ostatn\u00edm: \"M\u016f\u017eeme dos\u00e1hnout d\u00e1l\", p\u0159it\u00e1hnout zn\u00e1m\u00e9 myslitele, d\u00e1t v\u00edru mlad\u00fdm aktivist\u016fm. Kdy\u017e se to toti\u017e poda\u0159ilo v Przemy\u015blu, odkud to bylo bl\u00ed\u017e do divok\u00fdch Bieszczad ne\u017e do salon\u016f velkom\u011bstsk\u00fdch pohovek a velkopr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch d\u011blnick\u00fdch hnut\u00ed, pro\u010d by se revoluce nemohla uskute\u010dnit i jinde? Zatraktivnit ji hlub\u0161\u00edm zamy\u0161len\u00edm nad \u010dlov\u011bkem, jeho m\u00edstem v kultu\u0159e, d\u011bjinami a r\u016fzn\u00fdmi projevy vzpoury.
Kdy\u017e dnes p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edme o tvorb\u011b n\u00e1zor\u016f, okam\u017eit\u011b si uv\u011bdom\u00edme sou\u010dasnou realitu bubliny filtr\u016f. Jako spole\u010dnost se rozd\u011blujeme do mal\u00fdch skupin. Ideologick\u00e9 r\u00e1mce si vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00edme sami a vnucuje n\u00e1m je tak\u00e9 technologie. Dnes jsou n\u00e1zory z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti form\u00e1tov\u00e1ny bezduch\u00fdmi algoritmy online syst\u00e9m\u016f filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed. Jsou navr\u017eeny tak, aby n\u00e1s udr\u017eovaly v intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed komfortn\u00ed z\u00f3n\u011b a uspokojovaly p\u0159edem definovan\u00e9 pot\u0159eby. Przemy\u015bl 80. let takov\u00fd r\u00e1mec neznal a umo\u017enil nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 kultu\u0159e setk\u00e1vat se na jednom m\u00edst\u011b se zem\u011bd\u011blskou opozic\u00ed a podzemn\u00edm hnut\u00edm Solidarita. Inteligence, hluboce katolick\u00e1 a tou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed po Hali\u010di, na\u0161la spole\u010dnou \u0159e\u010d se sedl\u00e1ky, jejich\u017e hlavn\u00ed starost\u00ed byl kontrolovan\u00fd n\u00e1kup prasat a hrub\u00e1 realita st\u00e1tn\u00edho statku. V tavic\u00edm kotli v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed hippie rebel\u016f se m\u00edsila slova p\u0159emy\u0161lsk\u00e9ho biskupa Ignacyho Tokarczuka. Tradi\u010dn\u00ed polsk\u00e1 religiozita se st\u0159etla s logikou Wittgensteinovy nejednozna\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00edry.
Lze tedy \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee v t\u00e9to studii nejde o jednozna\u010dn\u00e9 uchopen\u00ed toho, co se skute\u010dn\u011b stalo na p\u016fd\u011b mal\u00e9ho domku na okraji Przemy\u0161lu. V\u017edy z\u016fstane interpretac\u00ed lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed ji nav\u0161t\u011bvovali. Proto\u017ee sem chodili z r\u016fzn\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f, vyd\u00e1vali se r\u016fzn\u00fdmi cestami, a v tom byla s\u00edla tohoto m\u00edsta. Dnes se posuzuje tak\u00e9 podle osoby jeho tehdej\u0161\u00edho hostitele. \u010clov\u011bk, jeho\u017e jednozna\u010dn\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed je stejn\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 jako samotn\u00e9 \"kulturn\u00ed podkrov\u00ed\". P\u0159edseda Sejmu, bez form\u00e1ln\u00edho vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, politik vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed strany, elita politick\u00e9ho uskupen\u00ed proslul\u00e9ho pragmatick\u00fdm pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00edm a efektivitou. Nebo mo\u017en\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bk z podkrov\u00ed, shrben\u00fd nad psac\u00edm strojem, sn\u00edlek, vy\u0159azen\u00fd z Katolick\u00e9 univerzity v Lublinu, obklopen\u00fd knihami a tou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed po svobod\u011b b\u011bhem dlouh\u00fdch osam\u011bl\u00fdch toulek v Bieszczadech. Tato druh\u00e1 tv\u00e1\u0159 je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nezn\u00e1m\u00e1. Buben\u00edk v avantgardn\u00ed h\u0159e, kter\u00fd se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed sc\u00e9ny, po n\u00ed\u017e se proch\u00e1z\u00ed Grotowski, a hip\u00edk, kter\u00fd se proh\u00e1n\u00ed po louce v Lublinu a trh\u00e1 chrpy, m\u00e1ky, kl\u00e1sky a klasy na poln\u00ed kytici pro sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtelkyn\u011b, kter\u00e9 ho krm\u00ed rusk\u00fdmi knedl\u00edky.
Marek Kuchci\u0144ski zanechal nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stopu nejen proto, \u017ee byl hostitelem na p\u016fd\u011b - po pravd\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, s\u00e1m \u010dasopis ne\u0159\u00eddil -, ale m\u011bl i organiza\u010dn\u00ed talent. Dok\u00e1zal p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit kohokoli, aby na\u0161el duplik\u00e1tor, um\u011bl vyt\u00e1hnout svazek pap\u00edru zpod zem\u011b. Spojoval v sob\u011b tvrdohlavost a odvahu. V podzemn\u00edm hnut\u00ed Solidarita nebyl zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako politik. Ve Slezsku a na Podkarpatsk\u00e9 Rusi se v\u0161ak v\u011bd\u011blo, \u017ee pokud je t\u0159eba n\u011bkoho, komu hroz\u00ed internace, p\u0159ev\u00e9zt, sta\u010d\u00ed se domluvit s Markem, proto\u017ee ten dok\u00e1zal lidi hledan\u00e9 Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm \u00fa\u0159adem dostat z jedouc\u00edho vlaku. Kuchci\u0144sk\u00e9ho si cenili biskupov\u00e9 i \u0159adov\u00ed kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed. Obvykle se v\u0161ak rad\u011bji dr\u017eel ve st\u00ednu. \"Kulturn\u00ed podkrov\u00ed\" tak\u00e9 odkazovalo na intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed odkaz a do pov\u011bdom\u00ed dotazovan\u00fdch se dost\u00e1vala jm\u00e9na filosof\u016f a historik\u016f.
Je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 jednozna\u010dn\u011b definovat, co bylo \"kulturn\u00ed podkrov\u00ed\" a jak\u00fd m\u011blo dopad na v\u011bdom\u00ed mnoha lid\u00ed. Profesor Krzysztof Dybciak, liter\u00e1rn\u00ed historik a teoretik, esejista a autor b\u00e1sn\u00ed, vzpom\u00edn\u00e1 na kulturn\u00ed akce, n\u011bkdy naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 \"p\u016fdn\u00ed setk\u00e1n\u00ed\", a na vyd\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasopisu: \"Byly origin\u00e1ln\u00edm fenom\u00e9nem na map\u011b nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 kultury existuj\u00edc\u00ed mimo struktury komunisty \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu. Jedn\u00edm z neobvykl\u00fdch rys\u016f byl fenom\u00e9n z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed spolupracovn\u00edk\u016f nejen z Polska. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b bylo opravdu v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9, \u017ee tolik britsk\u00fdch um\u011blc\u016f a intelektu\u00e1l\u016f vystupovalo v mal\u00e9m (na evropsk\u00e9 pom\u011bry) m\u011bst\u011b p\u0159\u00edmo na hranic\u00edch \u0158\u00ed\u0161e zla. A v Przemy\u015blu nebyli hosty jen tak ledajac\u00ed um\u011blci; profeso\u0159i Mark Lilla a Roger Scruton jsou v\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi osobnostmi sv\u011btov\u00e9 humanitn\u00ed v\u011bdy. P\u0159esto jsou znalosti o tak cenn\u00e9m fenom\u00e9nu svobodn\u00e9 kultury 80. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed miziv\u00e9.\"
Marta Olejnik<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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