{"id":25823,"date":"2022-07-18T20:31:29","date_gmt":"2022-07-18T18:31:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/?p=25823"},"modified":"2022-07-18T20:31:31","modified_gmt":"2022-07-18T18:31:31","slug":"polskie-pomniki-w-budapeszcie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wydarzenia\/polskie-pomniki-w-budapeszcie\/","title":{"rendered":"Polsk\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky v Budape\u0161ti"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u016f\u017eeme se pt\u00e1t, co se rozum\u00ed pod pojmem \"polsk\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky\", a klasifikovat je podle r\u016fzn\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed. P\u0159i pohledu na n\u011b je v\u0161ak vhodn\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, jak d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v budape\u0161\u0165sk\u00e9 krajin\u011b hraj\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jsou zasazeny do panoramatu ma\u010farsk\u00e9ho hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta, vypr\u00e1v\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh a zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed jeho postavy a epizody, kter\u00e9 by podle \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f m\u011bly b\u00fdt zd\u016frazn\u011bny. Pro m\u00edstn\u00ed obyvatele a turisty jsou jakousi lekc\u00ed z historie a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b historick\u00e9 politiky pot\u011b\u0161\u00ed na\u0161e o\u010di a p\u0159ipomenou n\u00e1m vazby mezi n\u00e1rody, kter\u00e9 se mohly spolehnout na vz\u00e1jemnou pomoc i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee n\u00e1s nejpodivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed okolnosti postavily do protich\u016fdn\u00fdch politick\u00fdch t\u00e1bor\u016f.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

DADT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kde za\u010d\u00edt, kdy\u017e ne u sochy gener\u00e1la Jozefa B\u00e9ma, kter\u00fd je zobrazen nejv\u0159eleji jako \"otec B\u00e9m\" (ma\u010farsky Bem Ap\u00f3). Cel\u00e1 jeho postava v\u016fdce ma\u010farsk\u00e9ho povst\u00e1n\u00ed v letech 1848-1849 (v d\u00edle socha\u0159e Adolfa Huszara) vyjad\u0159uje s\u00edlu a rozhodnost. Odkazuje na okam\u017eik, kdy gener\u00e1l B\u00e9m v bitv\u011b u P\u00edsku (ma\u010farsky. Csat p\u00edsk\u00e1<\/em>) oslovil sv\u00e9 pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 slovy: \"Bu\u010f si ten most vezmu zp\u00e1tky, nebo zem\u0159u. Kup\u0159edu, Ma\u010fa\u0159i! \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd most, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 vlast\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pomn\u00edk, kter\u00fd byl odhalen v roce 1934 na b\u0159ehu Dunaje naproti budov\u011b ma\u010farsk\u00e9ho parlamentu, m\u00e1 svou historii. Pr\u00e1v\u011b odtud se 23. \u0159\u00edjna 1956 - v r\u00e1mci solidarity s Pozna\u0148sk\u00fdm \u010dervnem - zorganizovala skupina demonstrant\u016f, kter\u00e1 v n\u00e1vaznosti na n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti zah\u00e1jila ma\u010farsk\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed proti komunismu a Sov\u011btsk\u00e9mu svazu. Pol\u00e1ci na to reagovali humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoc\u00ed a poslali p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 44 tun l\u00e9k\u016f a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm krev pot\u0159ebnou pro transfuze pro velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed zran\u011bn\u00fdch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KR\u00c1LOVSK\u00dd S\u0147ATEK<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Byl odhalen 30. \u0159\u00edjna 2013 na Z\u00e1meck\u00e9m vrchu u V\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e9 br\u00e1ny (ma\u010farsky. B\u00e9csi<\/em> Kap\u00fa<\/em>) v Bud\u00edn\u011b. Jej\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00ed bylo z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b na\u010dasov\u00e1no tak, aby se shodovalo se zased\u00e1n\u00edm St\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9 iniciativy a \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed Litvy, Polska a Ma\u010farska. Zobrazuje sed\u00edc\u00ed panovn\u00edky. On byl Litevec, ona Uherka a oba byli polsk\u00fdmi kr\u00e1li (Jadwiga d\u0159\u00edve, v roce 1384, a Jagie\u0142\u0142o v roce 1386). Pr\u00e1v\u011b jim vd\u011b\u010d\u00edme za po\u010d\u00e1tek dynastick\u00e9 politiky veden\u00e9 ve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku, kter\u00e1 v pod\u00e1n\u00ed po sob\u011b jdouc\u00edch Jagellonc\u016f zahrnovala krom\u011b Velkokn\u00ed\u017eectv\u00ed litevsk\u00e9ho s rozlehlou Rus\u00ed a Korunou polsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed tak\u00e9 Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 a Korunu svato\u0161t\u011bp\u00e1nskou a do\u010dasn\u011b je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Renomovan\u00e1 litevsk\u00e1 socha\u0159ka Dalia Matulaite byla kritizov\u00e1na za konvenci, kterou zvolila pro ztv\u00e1rn\u011bn\u00ed vzhledu panovn\u00edk\u016f, nebo\u0165 odkazovala na statick\u00e9 sochy starov\u011bk\u00e9ho V\u00fdchodu. Kritici je p\u0159irovn\u00e1vali k soch\u00e1m faraon\u016f a sumersk\u00fdch vl\u00e1dc\u016f. My Pol\u00e1ci se v\u0161ak mus\u00edme radovat z toho, \u017ee W\u0142adys\u0142aw Jagie\u0142\u0142o (ma\u010farsky. Jagell\u00f3<\/em>, tak\u00e9 II. Ul\u00e1szl\u00f3<\/em>), od kter\u00e9ho se Litevci d\u0159\u00edve distancovali, byl uzn\u00e1n jako postava, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1s se severn\u00edm sousedem sp\u00ed\u0161e spojuje ne\u017e rozd\u011bluje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MA\u010eARSKO NA POLSK\u00c9M TR\u016eNU<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nach\u00e1z\u00ed se v parku pojmenovan\u00e9m po n\u011bm (park B\u00e1thory Istv\u00e1n) a m\u011bl b\u00fdt odhalen v roce 1933, ale oslavy byly o deset let odlo\u017eeny. A pak se tak\u00e9 neuskute\u010dnila kv\u016fli druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce. A samoz\u0159ejm\u011b by se dalo polemizovat, zda to byl sp\u00ed\u0161e ma\u010farsk\u00fd nebo polsk\u00fd panovn\u00edk, ale jak um\u011bl\u00e9 by to bylo... M\u011bl toho tolik spole\u010dn\u00e9ho, \u017ee je dokonce symbolem na\u0161eho mezist\u00e1tn\u00edho a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed. Osv\u011bd\u010dil se v obou rol\u00edch a zaslou\u017e\u00ed si co nejpodrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a popularizaci, aby si \u010dlov\u011bk uv\u011bdomil, jak\u00fdmi metodami dos\u00e1hl \u00fasp\u011bchu. Autor se odv\u00e1\u017eil vytesat postavu Batoryho podle obrazu Jana Matejky \"Batory u Pskova\" a toto pojet\u00ed je t\u0159eba z cel\u00e9ho srdce pochv\u00e1lit. Jednak respektoval na\u0161eho v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho historick\u00e9ho mal\u00ed\u0159e a nenutil se do protin\u00e1vrh\u016f (co\u017e je samo o sob\u011b odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9), jednak p\u0159edb\u011bhl dobu po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho 3D zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ZA VA\u0160I SVOBODU<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pomn\u00edk je v\u011bnov\u00e1n jak Pilsudsk\u00e9ho legion\u00e1\u0159\u016fm z let 1914-1918, tak Wysock\u00e9ho legion\u00e1\u0159\u016fm z let 1848-1849, kte\u0159\u00ed bojovali za nez\u00e1vislost Ma\u010farska. Byl odhalen v roce 1934 a m\u00e1 kr\u00e1sn\u00fd obsah. Na podstavci stoj\u00ed polsk\u00fd legion\u00e1\u0159 a tasenou \u0161avl\u00ed br\u00e1n\u00ed objatou korunu svat\u00e9ho \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1na. Voj\u00e1ka tak\u00e9 za\u0161ti\u0165uje polsk\u00fd orel se sv\u00fdm k\u0159\u00eddlem. Zapojen\u00ed Pol\u00e1k\u016f do uhersk\u00e9ho povst\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem jara n\u00e1rod\u016f a spole\u010dn\u00fd boj nejprve proti Raku\u0161an\u016fm a pot\u00e9 Rus\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed pom\u00e1hali Habsburk\u016fm, na\u0161e n\u00e1rody je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce sbl\u00ed\u017eily. Legion\u00e1\u0159i v prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce a cel\u00fd n\u00e1\u0161 n\u00e1rod, br\u00e1n\u00edc\u00ed Evropu v roce 1920, dostali od Ma\u010far\u016f rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed pomoc v podob\u011b zbran\u00ed a munice, kdy\u017e jsme se nemohli spolehnout na nikoho jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e na Bratanky. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

NEJLEP\u0160\u00cd VL\u00c1DCI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159ed kostelem Panny Marie stoj\u00ed na dvou samostatn\u00fdch sloupech sochy dvou uhersk\u00fdch princezen (sv. Jadwigy a sv. Kingy), kter\u00e9 se nejl\u00e9pe v na\u0161\u00ed historii provdaly za na\u0161e panovn\u00edky. Wojciech Abramowicz je skv\u011ble shrnul: \"Jeden n\u00e1m dal s\u016fl a druh\u00fd univerzitu.\" Socha svat\u00e9 Kingy vznikla d\u00edky \u00fasil\u00ed aktivist\u016f Polsk\u00e9 osobn\u00ed farnosti v Budape\u0161ti v \u010dele s jej\u00edm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm polsk\u00fdm aktivistou Andrzejem Weso\u0142owsk\u00fdm, kter\u00fd zem\u0159el 13. \u00fanora 2022. Tyto - jakkoli je\u0161t\u011b mlad\u00e9 - d\u00edvky, kter\u00e9 otcov\u00e9 poslali do Krakova na z\u00e1klad\u011b politick\u00fdch dohod, slo\u017eily zkou\u0161ku spr\u00e1vcovstv\u00ed na v\u00fdbornou. V jejich dob\u011b i obecn\u011b je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 naj\u00edt panovn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed by se vyrovnali jejich moudrosti. Sv\u00fdm poddan\u00fdm zajistili klidn\u00e9 a prosperuj\u00edc\u00ed obdob\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TV\u016eRCE OPERY<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V budov\u011b Ma\u010farsk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed opery (ma\u010farsky. Magyar \u00c1llami Operah\u00e1z<\/em>) na hlavn\u00ed ulici ma\u010farsk\u00e9ho hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta, Andr\u00e1ssy \u00fatca), bylo z\u00e1bradl\u00ed vyzdobeno \u0161estn\u00e1cti postavami nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sv\u011btov\u00fdch opern\u00edch skladatel\u016f. Stanislaw Moniuszko je na\u0161\u00ed chloubou a nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edm skladatelem, kter\u00e9mu Pol\u00e1ci vd\u011b\u010d\u00ed za mnoh\u00e9 nejen v oblasti hudby, ale i n\u00e1rodn\u00ed identity. V z\u00e1padn\u00edm hudebn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b v\u0161ak nen\u00ed docen\u011bn v takov\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e jako Ma\u010fa\u0159i, s \u010d\u00edm\u017e m\u016f\u017eeme po\u010d\u00edtat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SPRAVEDLIV\u00dd MEZI N\u00c1RODY SV\u011aTA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pomn\u00edk hrdin\u016fm Henryku Slawikovi a J\u00f3zsefu Antallovi (star\u0161\u00edmu) byl odhalen 26. \u010dervna 2017 na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Gy\u00f6rgye Goldmanna. Budape\u0161\u0165sk\u00fd pomn\u00edk je kopi\u00ed toho var\u0161avsk\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd byl ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve vzty\u010den 8. listopadu 2016 v zahrad\u011b pro voln\u00fd \u010das a z\u00e1bavu ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9m \u00fadol\u00ed. Jeho autorem je socha\u0159 W\u0142adys\u0142aw Dudek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Henryk Slawik je n\u00e1\u0161 slezsk\u00fd povstaleck\u00fd, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a komun\u00e1ln\u00ed aktivista. B\u011bhem druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky na\u0161el jako jeden z p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 120 000 Pol\u00e1k\u016f po n\u011bmeck\u00e9 a sov\u011btsk\u00e9 invazi do Polska \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b v Ma\u010farsku. Tam se jako p\u0159edseda Ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho v\u00fdboru pro p\u00e9\u010di o polsk\u00e9 uprchl\u00edky v Ma\u010farsku (1939-1944) stal zmocn\u011bncem ministra pr\u00e1ce polsk\u00e9 exilov\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy. Jeho aktivity ho spojovaly se zmocn\u011bncem vl\u00e1dy Ma\u010farsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed pro v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 uprchl\u00edky J\u00f3zsefem Antallem. Mezi velk\u00fdm po\u010dtem p\u0159ist\u011bhovalc\u016f bylo tak\u00e9 mnoho \u017did\u016f z Polska, v\u010detn\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na sirotk\u016f. O ty se starali s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed a krom\u011b obvykl\u00e9 pomoci uprchl\u00edk\u016fm zorganizovali ve m\u011bst\u011b V\u00e1c (severn\u00ed Ma\u010farsko) sirot\u010dinec pro nejmlad\u0161\u00ed a nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Byla zde tak\u00e9 mate\u0159sk\u00e1 \u0161kola a \u0161kola s polsk\u00fdmi osnovami a pastora\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed. Aby se utajila p\u0159\u00edtomnost \u017eidovsk\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed, nav\u0161t\u011bvovaly katolick\u00e9 m\u0161e a pot\u00e9 sm\u011bly nav\u0161t\u011bvovat judaistick\u00e9 bohoslu\u017eby, \u010d\u00edst T\u00f3ru a u\u010dit se hebrejsky. Po uchopen\u00ed moci fa\u0161isty v Ma\u010farsku v roce 1944 za\u010dalo pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017did\u016f a gestapo se dostalo na stopu Henryka Slawika. Byl v\u011bzn\u011bn ve vyhlazovac\u00edm t\u00e1bo\u0159e Mauthausen, kde byl vysl\u00fdch\u00e1n a krut\u011b mu\u010den. Na n\u00e1sledky mu\u010den\u00ed zem\u0159el 23. srpna 1944. Sv\u00e9ho spolupracovn\u00edka J\u00f3zsefa Antalla v\u0161ak nep\u0159edal. Ten vydr\u017eel a\u017e do roku 1976. Institut Jad Va\u0161em zjistil, \u017ee Henryk S\u0142awik a J\u00f3zsef Antall spole\u010dn\u011b zachr\u00e1nili p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5000 \u017did\u016f. Ob\u011bma byl ud\u011blen titul Spravedliv\u00fd mezi n\u00e1rody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tak\u00e9 v Katovic\u00edch, na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed p\u0159ed Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm kongresov\u00fdm centrem, stoj\u00ed pomn\u00edk obou hrdin\u016f. Jedn\u00e1 se o prostorovou kompozici, jej\u00ed\u017e j\u00e1dro tvo\u0159\u00ed dv\u011b ocelov\u00e9 st\u011bny s dv\u011bma \u017eidovsk\u00fdmi z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159i stoj\u00edc\u00edmi proti sob\u011b s popisy v pol\u0161tin\u011b a ma\u010far\u0161tin\u011b. Pomn\u00edk byl odhalen 21. b\u0159ezna 2015 v r\u00e1mci polsko-ma\u010farsk\u00fdch dn\u016f za \u00fa\u010dasti prezident\u016f obou zem\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

POLSK\u00dd VERDUN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na pravob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed op\u011b\u0159e Mark\u00e9tin\u00e9ho mostu (ma\u010farsky. Margit<\/em> h\u00edd<\/em>), na konci dunajsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1b\u0159e\u017e\u00ed pojmenovan\u00e9ho po gener\u00e1lu Jozefu B\u00e9movi se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Przemysl eml\u00e9km\u0171. P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 obranu jedn\u00e9 z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pevnost\u00ed v Evrop\u011b p\u0159ed Rusy. Pevnost Verdun a Krakov (ten v\u0161ak nebyl obl\u00e9h\u00e1n) by se s n\u00ed daly srovn\u00e1vat. Zde se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Karpatsk\u00e1 n\u00ed\u017eina, a tedy p\u0159echod od v\u00fdchodoevropsk\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017einy k ma\u010farsk\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017ein\u011b (ma\u010farsky. Alf\u00f6ld<\/em>). Bitva u Przemy\u0161lu tak rozhodla o tom, zda Rusov\u00e9 vtrhnou do Ma\u010farska a na Balk\u00e1n. Z\u00fa\u010dastnilo se j\u00ed mnoho Pol\u00e1k\u016f a Ma\u010far\u016f (a dal\u0161\u00edch obyvatel habsbursk\u00e9 monarchie). Velitel pevnosti gener\u00e1l Hermann Kusmanek m\u011bl k dispozici 130 000 voj\u00e1k\u016f. Prvn\u00ed obl\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed (IX-X 1914) bylo kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 a bezv\u00fdsledn\u00e9, ale druh\u00e9 (XI 1914 - III 1915) se uk\u00e1zalo jako ne\u00fanosn\u00e9. Po kapitulaci byli v\u0161ichni obr\u00e1nci posl\u00e1ni do zajateck\u00fdch t\u00e1bor\u016f v Rusku. Rakousko-Uhersko spolu s N\u011bmeckem po t\u00e9to por\u00e1\u017ece podniklo protiofenz\u00edvu a 3. \u010dervna 1915 znovu dobylo Przemy\u015bl. Pro Rakousko to byl posledn\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vojensk\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch a pro Ma\u010farsko v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 odvr\u00e1cen\u00ed hrozby rusk\u00e9 okupace ve Velk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce 1914-1918.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

PAM\u00c1TN\u00cdK KATY\u0147SK\u00ddCH MU\u010cEDN\u00cdK\u016e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na stejnojmenn\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed (ma\u010farsky. Katinyi m\u00e1rt\u00edrok parkja<\/em>) byl v bl\u00edzkosti ruin \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho amfite\u00e1tru postaven katy\u0148sk\u00fd pam\u00e1tn\u00edk. Vznikla z iniciativy budape\u0161\u0165sk\u00e9ho starosty a b\u00fdval\u00e9ho radn\u00edho strany Fidesz Istv\u00e1na Tarl\u00f3se, kter\u00fd v ml\u00e1d\u00ed napsal prvn\u00ed ma\u010farskou knihu o katy\u0148sk\u00e9m masakru. Autory pomn\u00edku jsou dva ma\u010far\u0161t\u00ed um\u011blci, v\u00edt\u011bzov\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee: G\u00e9za Szeri-Varga a Zolt\u00e1n Szeri-Varga. P\u016fvodn\u011b ji m\u011bl v dubnu 2010 odhalit polsk\u00fd prezident Lech Kaczy\u0144ski, ale z pochopiteln\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f smolensk\u00e9 katastrofy se tak nestalo. Slavnostn\u00ed ceremoni\u00e1l byl proto odlo\u017een na 8. dubna 2011. Pam\u00e1tn\u00edk je \u017eulov\u00e1 kostka s \u017eelezn\u00fdmi prvky imituj\u00edc\u00edmi stromy a sv\u011bteln\u00fdmi efekty. Vedle n\u011bj jsou dva duby, jejich\u017e symboliku lze ch\u00e1pat dvoj\u00edm zp\u016fsobem: Polsko a Ma\u010farsko, nebo dva d\u016fstojn\u00edci ma\u010farsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed v polsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b, kte\u0159\u00ed se stali ob\u011bt\u00ed Stalinovy katy\u0148sk\u00e9 genocidy: Em\u00e1nuel Alad\u00e1r Korompay a Oskar Rudolf K\u00fchnel. Prvn\u00ed z nich byl u\u010ditelem klasick\u00fdch jazyk\u016f a pot\u00e9 lektorem ma\u010far\u0161tiny na Var\u0161avsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b (od roku 1930). V prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce byl vyznamenan\u00fdm a pov\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm obr\u00e1ncem Przemy\u0161lu. O\u017eenil se s Polkou, s n\u00ed\u017e m\u011bl t\u0159i dcery. Usadili se v Przemy\u015blu, proto\u017ee jeho rodn\u00e9 m\u011bsto bylo v \u010ceskoslovensku. Sestavil materi\u00e1ly pro Pol\u00e1ky, aby se nau\u010dili ma\u010farsky, zejm\u00e9na prvn\u00ed solidn\u00ed polsko-ma\u010farsk\u00fd a ma\u010farsko-polsk\u00fd slovn\u00edk. V srpnu 1939 byl se sv\u00fdmi studenty v Ma\u010farsku, ale kdy\u017e se dozv\u011bd\u011bl o vyhrocen\u00ed politick\u00e9 situace, vr\u00e1til se do Polska. V z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed padl ve Z\u0142oczow\u011b do rukou Sov\u011bt\u016f a po zajet\u00ed ve Starobielsku byl zavra\u017ed\u011bn NKVD. Oskar Rudolf K\u00fchnel byl d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00fdm d\u016fstojn\u00edkem ve v\u00e1lce proti bol\u0161evik\u016fm. O\u017eenil se s Polkou a spole\u010dn\u011b \u017eili v r\u016fzn\u00fdch polsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech - podle vojensk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edd\u011bl\u016f. V z\u00e1\u0159ijov\u00e9m ta\u017een\u00ed se dostal do sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho zajet\u00ed a byl zavra\u017ed\u011bn v Kozielsku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SZENT LASZLO<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159ed kostelem uhersk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le Ladislava byl p\u0159ipomenut jeho patron Szent Laszlo, kter\u00fd se narodil a vyr\u016fstal v Krakov\u011b na dvo\u0159e kn\u00ed\u017eete Kazim\u00edra Obnovitele jako jeho synovec. Ma\u010fa\u0159i v n\u011bm vid\u011bli typick\u00e9ho Pol\u00e1ka, kter\u00fd se v\u0161ak p\u0159izp\u016fsobil ma\u010farsk\u00fdm re\u00e1li\u00edm. Zachoval si cit pro sv\u00e9 polsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 a vl\u00eddn\u011b p\u0159ijal Boleslava Szczodr\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd po zavra\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed svat\u00e9ho Stanislava uprchl z Polska. Dokonce trp\u011bl nedostatkem vd\u011b\u010dnosti ze strany Boleslavi. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 sto let po sv\u00e9 smrti byl Ladislav v roce 1192 kanonizov\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

POMN\u00cdK JANA PAVLA II.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

U p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti st\u00e9ho v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed narozen\u00ed svat\u00e9ho Jana Pavla II. (18. kv\u011btna 2020) byla v bazilice svat\u00e9ho \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1na odhalena jeho socha. Pr\u00e1v\u011b sem jezdil kardin\u00e1l Karol Wojtyla jako krakovsk\u00fd metropolita a jako Jan Pavel II. na svou pou\u0165. Pomn\u00edk navrhli ma\u010far\u0161t\u00ed um\u011blci, brat\u0159i L\u00e1szl\u00f3 a Norbert Kotormanovi, a po d\u011bkovn\u00e9 m\u0161i za jeho pontifik\u00e1t vzdal hold Velk\u00e9mu Pol\u00e1kovi ma\u010farsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r Viktor Orb\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Piotr Boro\u00f1<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DOVOLEN\u00c1 S FELCZAKEM: Polsk\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky v Budape\u0161ti | Felczak Institute Int\u00e9zet (kurier.plus)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u016f\u017eeme se pt\u00e1t, co se rozum\u00ed pod pojmem \"polsk\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky\", a klasifikovat je podle r\u016fzn\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed. P\u0159i pohledu na n\u011b v\u0161ak stoj\u00ed za to uv\u011bdomit si, jak d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v budape\u0161\u0165sk\u00e9 krajin\u011b hraj\u00ed. Jsou zasazeny do panoramatu ma\u010farsk\u00e9ho hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta, vypr\u00e1v\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh a zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed jeho postavy a epizody, kter\u00e9 by podle \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f m\u011bly b\u00fdt zd\u016frazn\u011bny. Pro m\u00edstn\u00ed obyvatele a turisty [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":25826,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[50,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25823","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wspolpraca-miedzynarodowa","category-wydarzenia"],"yoast_head":"\nPolskie pomniki w Budapeszcie – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wydarzenia\/polskie-pomniki-w-budapeszcie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Polskie pomniki w Budapeszcie – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mo\u017cna si\u0119 zastanawia\u0107, co znaczy \u201epolskie pomniki\u201d, i klasyfikowa\u0107 je wed\u0142ug r\u00f3\u017cnych kryteri\u00f3w. 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