{"id":15982,"date":"2019-06-04T07:54:51","date_gmt":"2019-06-04T05:54:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/?p=15982"},"modified":"2019-06-04T08:02:43","modified_gmt":"2019-06-04T06:02:43","slug":"15982","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wydarzenia\/15982\/","title":{"rendered":"\"Jak vy\u0161krtnout protivn\u00edka\" - Volby '89"},"content":{"rendered":"
Rok\nRok 1989 byl poznamen\u00e1n p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u010dervnov\u00fdmi volbami. A\u010dkoli nen\u00ed zcela voln\u00fd a a\u010dkoli\na\u010dkoli je spojena s mnoha kompromisy, p\u0159esto p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed velkou nad\u011bji a energii.\nV protikomunistick\u00e9m Przemy\u015blu nebyly se sb\u011brem podpis\u016f \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my.\nPrvn\u00ed z nich byl dopis hnut\u00ed Solidarita. Navzdory pochybnostem o dohod\u011b u kulat\u00e9ho stolu\nNavzdory pochybnostem o dohod\u00e1ch u kulat\u00e9ho stolu lid\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee p\u0159ijdou nov\u00e9, dobr\u00e9 \u010dasy. D\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed neochota\nP\u0159edchoz\u00ed nechu\u0165 hlasovat ve zmanipulovan\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch do Lidov\u00e9ho shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed.\nnad\u0161en\u00ed, \u017ee v parlamentu kone\u010dn\u011b zasednou nov\u00ed lid\u00e9. Kandid\u00e1ti strany Solidarita m\u011bli program\nKandid\u00e1ti strany Solidarita m\u011bli program, o kter\u00e9m se mluvilo doma, v pr\u00e1ci, na ulici.\nNa seznamu, kter\u00fd nesl v\u00e1nek svobody, byli lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed d\u00e1vali nad\u011bji.\nSeznam nesouc\u00ed z\u00e1van svobody obsahoval lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed d\u00e1vali nad\u011bji, \u017ee polsk\u00fd st\u00e1t, dosud pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd SSSR, z\u00edsk\u00e1 dlouho o\u010dek\u00e1vanou svobodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marek\nKaminski, p\u0159edseda Region\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 komise NSZZ \"Solidarno\u015b\u0107\" v Praze.\nPrzemysl, byl zav\u00e1z\u00e1n N\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00fdkonnou komis\u00ed, aby spole\u010dn\u011b s.\nm\u00edstn\u00ed Solidarita samostatn\u011b hospoda\u0159\u00edc\u00edch roln\u00edk\u016f z\u0159\u00eddila ob\u010dansk\u00fd v\u00fdbor.\nSolidarita Przemy\u0161lsk\u00e9ho vojvodstv\u00ed. Spole\u010dn\u011b s vedouc\u00edm zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 Solidarity Janem\nKarusi, pozval 15 lid\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b Marka Kuchci\u0144sk\u00e9ho, aby se k n\u011bmu p\u0159ipojili.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ale\nprogram nen\u00ed v\u0161echno. Star\u00e1 moc se udr\u017eela. M\u011bla plnou\nkontrolu nad st\u00e1tn\u00edmi m\u00e9dii, cel\u00fdm propagandistick\u00fdm apar\u00e1tem. Abyste se dostali k lidem,\nbylo nutn\u00e9 p\u0159en\u00e9st poselstv\u00ed za nez\u00e1vislost p\u0159\u00edmo do ulic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
- V \u010dervnu 1989 byl Przemy\u015bl pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm\nm\u011bsto Przemy\u015bl bylo pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejv\u00edce zarostl\u00e9 volebn\u00edmi transparenty opozi\u010dn\u00ed Solidarity a plak\u00e1ty.\nv cel\u00e9m Polsku,\" p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 Marek Kuchci\u0144ski. - Od prvn\u00edch dn\u016f kampan\u011b bylo\nOd prvn\u00edch dn\u016f ta\u017een\u00ed prob\u00edhala ve m\u011bstech a vesnic\u00edch plak\u00e1tov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka - na m\u00edst\u011b\nzni\u010deny, obvykle v noci, se objevily nov\u00e9 plak\u00e1ty a transparenty, a stalo se, \u017ee...\nByly doby, kdy kancel\u00e1\u0159 v Przemyslu obl\u00e9haly skupinky mlad\u00fdch distributor\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010dasto\nByly tam tak\u00e9 skupinky mlad\u00fdch distributor\u016f, \u010dasto d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 balily plak\u00e1ty a let\u00e1ky do batoh\u016f. Jeden z let\u00e1k\u016f, tzv. \"n\u00e1vod\",\n\"jak vy\u0161krtnout sv\u00e9ho protivn\u00edka\" byl rozmno\u017een v podzemn\u00ed tisk\u00e1rn\u011b v mno\u017estv\u00ed\n300 000 v\u00fdtisk\u016f. V takov\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u0159e se protivn\u00edk, jeho\u017e koalice\n\u00fa\u0159ad \u00fadajn\u011b vedl cenzor z Przemy\u015blu, nejen\u017ee nem\u011bl \u0161anci na \u00fasp\u011bch.\nnejen\u017ee nem\u011bl \u0161anci na v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed, ale nav\u00edc se zkompromitoval t\u00edm, \u017ee se sna\u017eil p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit voli\u010de festivaly.\ns pivem a klob\u00e1sami rozd\u00e1van\u00fdmi za \"podpis podpory\" a s vymy\u0161len\u00fdmi a\nhesla jako: \"koalice mus\u00ed zv\u00edt\u011bzit, aby Polsko neprohr\u00e1lo\" - p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 mar\u0161\u00e1l.\nPolsko nesm\u00ed prohr\u00e1t,\" p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 p\u0159edseda Sejmu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Przemysl\ndomy, obchody, kiosky Ruchu doslova zmizely pod narychlo nalepen\u00fdmi n\u00e1pisy.\nplak\u00e1ty. Byla to skute\u010dn\u00e1 bitva. Ve volebn\u00edm \u0161t\u00e1bu byla voda sm\u00edch\u00e1na s moukou,\nnahradit skute\u010dn\u00e9 lepidlo. Des\u00edtky lid\u00ed vy\u0161ly do ulic\nse sna\u017eili vyv\u011bsit let\u00e1ky na nejviditeln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch m\u00edstech. Nebylo to\nsnadn\u00e9. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed majitel\u00e9 obchod\u016f se ob\u00e1vali \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f, sami strh\u00e1vali plak\u00e1ty, volali na policii, aby jim pomohla.\nmilice. Ve m\u011bst\u011b se objevily bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed hl\u00eddky a zni\u010dily\nreklamy. Ze 4 tis\u00edc transparent\u016f a plak\u00e1t\u016f Solidarity strhli asi 2 000 kus\u016f.\n3 tis\u00edce! Byly tak\u00e9 strh\u00e1v\u00e1ny vlajky solidarity a lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se hl\u00e1sili k solidarit\u011b.\nlid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se vyd\u00e1vali za zam\u011bstnance obchodn\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed radnice, nutili vedouc\u00ed a prodava\u010de, aby\nmana\u017eery a prodava\u010de, aby z v\u00fdloh obchod\u016f sundali plak\u00e1ty strany podporuj\u00edc\u00ed svobodu. Zni\u010deny byly\nVolebn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed Solidarity byla zni\u010dena tak\u00e9 v Jaroslawi, Przeworsku a Lubaczow\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
W\nVe volebn\u00ed kampani se Ob\u010dansk\u00fd v\u00fdbor zam\u011b\u0159il na vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v ter\u00e9nu a na.\notev\u0159enost v\u016f\u010di ob\u010dan\u016fm. Zapojila se do n\u011bj inteligence, kulturn\u00ed lid\u00e9 a c\u00edrkev.\nSolidarita byla prezentov\u00e1na jako sehran\u00fd t\u00fdm se spole\u010dn\u00fdmi c\u00edli. Aby se zabr\u00e1nilo\naby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo rozd\u011blen\u00ed, bylo nominov\u00e1no tolik kandid\u00e1t\u016f, kolik bylo m\u00edst. Pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou zvykl\u00ed hlasovat pro\nzvykl\u00ed volit \"jedin\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho kandid\u00e1ta\" z PZPR, KO\ntak\u00e9 p\u0159ipravil hlasovac\u00ed manu\u00e1ly. Ve volebn\u00edch bulletinech\nVe volebn\u00edch bulletinech se objevila v\u00fdzva: ob\u010dan\u00e9 podpo\u0159te opozici, proto\u017ee \"dlu\u017e\u00edte to opozici\".\nDlu\u017e\u00edte jim to, proto\u017ee jejich podpora znamen\u00e1 konec vra\u017ed, politick\u00fdch zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed, utrpen\u00ed...\".\n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00e1lka\nPlak\u00e1tov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka vyvrcholila v noci p\u0159ed volbami. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch\nStrana solidarity byla ur\u010dena. Celou noc, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 a\u017e do bled\u00e9ho sv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed, se lid\u00e9 bavili\ncelou noc, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 a\u017e do sv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed, v uli\u010dk\u00e1ch, pod okny, na dvorech, lid\u00e9 tajn\u011b\nozn\u00e1men\u00ed o volb\u00e1ch. Velk\u00e1 m\u011bsta, jako je Var\u0161ava, pro tuto noc\nna tuto noc dostali slavn\u00e9 plak\u00e1ty se \u0161erifem, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 m\u00edsto hv\u011bzdy v klop\u011b odznak Solidarity.\nOdznak solidarity na klop\u011b. Do Przemy\u015blu v\u0161ak nedorazila. M\u00edsto toho se objevily dal\u0161\u00ed let\u00e1ky a\nozn\u00e1men\u00ed, vyv\u011b\u0161en\u00e1 s nasazen\u00edm v\u0161ude, kde to \u0161lo. Kdekoli\nkde to nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9, byly tak\u00e9 zav\u011b\u0161eny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Early\nV ned\u011bli 4. \u010dervna 1989 brzy r\u00e1no se otev\u0159ely volebn\u00ed m\u00edstnosti. \u00da\u010dast\nbyla odhadnuta jako nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1 - v\u00edce ne\u017e 10 milion\u016f z 27 milion\u016f opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdch osob.\nz 27 milion\u016f Pol\u00e1k\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli volebn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo. Byl to v\u00fdsledek pokroku\napatie spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e1 nev\u011b\u0159ila, \u017ee by volby mohly n\u011bco zm\u011bnit. V cel\u00e9m\nN\u00e1lada v zemi byla klidn\u00e1, nedo\u0161lo k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm nepokoj\u016fm. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Od\u0159\u00edznut\u00ed\nod\u0159\u00edznuta od voleb, s p\u016flhodinov\u00fdm vys\u00edlac\u00edm \u010dasem t\u00fddn\u011b, se opozici nepoda\u0159ilo zcela.\nv\u011b\u0159il v to, co se chyst\u00e1: ze 161 k\u0159esel v Sejmu, kter\u00e1 byla k dispozici.\nve svobodn\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch, z\u00edskala 160 hlas\u016f v prvn\u00edm kole a zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed kandid\u00e1tka\npostoupil do druh\u00e9ho kola. Ze 100 k\u0159esel v Sen\u00e1tu v prvn\u00edm kole\nKandid\u00e1ti Solidarity z\u00edskali v prvn\u00edm kole voleb 92 ze 100 k\u0159esel v Sen\u00e1tu.\n\u010dty\u0159i kandid\u00e1ti: Jan Musia\u0142 a Tadeusz Ulma za Sen\u00e1t, Tadeusz Trelka a\nJanusz Onyszkiewicz - za Sejm. Navzdory t\u00e9to obrovsk\u00e9 spole\u010densk\u00e9 podpo\u0159e\nSolidarita byla p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 slab\u00e1 na to, aby sama udr\u017eela ot\u011b\u017ee moci. Navzdory t\u011bmto\nLid\u00e9 ze Solidarity nebyli schopni un\u00e9st b\u0159emeno zm\u011bn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marek\nKami\u0144ski dnes \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: Oce\u0148uji nekrvav\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh voleb, ale s takov\u00fdmto\nmoc, v\u00fdhody a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed podporu, Solidarita by m\u011bla m\u00edt stanoven\u00e9 podm\u00ednky. M\u00e1m\nToho velmi lituji. Solidarita byla slab\u00e1 a ovl\u00e1dan\u00e1 komunisty. Ne\nV roce 85 jsme si nev\u0161imli ani Wilczekova pohybu. Postavili do \u0159ady sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed lidi, komunisty.\ntla\u010dili do spole\u010dnost\u00ed. P\u0159i setk\u00e1n\u00edch tak\u00e9 s Wa\u0142\u0119sou, s n\u00edm\u017e jsme tehdy jednali.\njako jedin\u00fd v\u016fdce, nikdy jsem si nep\u0159edstavoval, \u017ee by to byli lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed by \u0161li do\nkomunist\u016f do alianc\u00ed. Styd\u00edm se, \u017ee jsem s nimi tehdy sed\u011bl. Cht\u011bli jsme\nnez\u00e1vislosti nebyla Polsk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 republika nez\u00e1visl\u00fdm polsk\u00fdm st\u00e1tem. Jak jsme se m\u011bli c\u00edtit\nc\u00edtit zvolen\u00edm Jaruzelsk\u00e9ho polsk\u00fdm prezidentem? - \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Kami\u0144ski. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tak\u00e9\nJan Karu\u015b, \u0161\u00e9f organizace Solidarno\u015b\u0107 Rolnicza (Zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 solidarita), hovo\u0159\u00ed o ud\u00e1lostech po roce 89.\ndepresivn\u00ed t\u00f3n o politick\u00e9m ha\u0161te\u0159en\u00ed a pos\u00edlen\u00ed pr\u00e1v komunist\u016f.\nna n\u00e1rodn\u00edm majetku. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zvoleno\nPoslanci a sen\u00e1to\u0159i byli rovn\u011b\u017e zklam\u00e1ni. V \"Pohledech z Przemy\u0161lu\" z prosince\n1989, Marek Kuchci\u0144ski napsal o nespokojenosti a netrp\u011blivosti spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e1 je ignorov\u00e1na.\n\u00fa\u0159ady, nedostatek inteligence a bezmocnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nikdo\nlitovat t\u00e9to snahy. Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed \u0161li k volb\u00e1m 4. \u010dervna\ncht\u011bli jednodu\u0161e svrhnout komunismus. Poda\u0159ilo se jim to, ale zm\u011bny nep\u0159ich\u00e1zely snadno.\nD\u016fsledky tehdej\u0161\u00ed nedbalosti skl\u00edz\u00edme dodnes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- Po roce 89 jsme za\u010dali p\u0159eb\u00edrat odpov\u011bdnost za st\u00e1t: na \u00farovni samospr\u00e1v, st\u00e1tn\u00edch a m\u00edstn\u00edch instituc\u00ed. Zp\u011btn\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee jsme ud\u011blali v\u0161e, co bylo v t\u00e9 dob\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9. O\u010dek\u00e1vali jsme zm\u011bny ve st\u00e1tn\u00ed moci a byli jsme zklam\u00e1ni, ale to n\u00e1s neodradilo od pr\u00e1ce. Z dne\u0161n\u00edho pohledu to vypad\u00e1 trochu jinak: mal\u00e1 skupina lid\u00ed dok\u00e1zala z\u00e1zraky a bojovala s komunismem jako David s Goli\u00e1\u0161em - p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 Marek Kuchci\u0144ski. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marta Olejnik<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Rok 1989 se nesl p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve znamen\u00ed \u010dervnov\u00fdch voleb. I kdy\u017e nebyly zcela svobodn\u00e9 a byly spojeny s mnoha kompromisy, p\u0159esto p\u0159inesly velkou nad\u011bji a energii. V protikomunisticky sm\u00fd\u0161lej\u00edc\u00edm Przemy\u015blu nebyl probl\u00e9m se sb\u011brem podpis\u016f pro listinu Solidarita. Navzdory pochybnostem o uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed kulat\u00e9ho stolu lid\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed nov\u00e9 dobr\u00e9 \u010dasy. P\u0159edchoz\u00ed neochota volit [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":15986,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,77,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15982","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-podkarpacie","category-wazne-daty","category-wydarzenia"],"yoast_head":"\n
"Jak skre\u015bli\u0107 przeciwnika" - wybory '89 – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wydarzenia\/15982\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\""Jak skre\u015bli\u0107 przeciwnika" - wybory '89 – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rok 1989 to przede wszystkim wybory czerwcowe. Cho\u0107 nie w pe\u0142ni wolne, cho\u0107 zwi\u0105zane z wieloma kompromisami, to jednak nios\u0105ce ogromn\u0105 nadziej\u0119 i energi\u0119. W nastawionym antykomunistycznie Przemy\u015blu nie by\u0142o problem\u00f3w ze zbiorem podpis\u00f3w pod solidarno\u015bciow\u0105 list\u0105. Mimo w\u0105tpliwo\u015bci co do ustale\u0144 okr\u0105g\u0142ego sto\u0142u, ludzie wierzyli, \u017ce nadejd\u0105 nowe, dobre czasy. 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