{"id":1046,"date":"2016-06-12T20:44:44","date_gmt":"2016-06-12T18:44:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/scruton\/"},"modified":"2020-01-12T21:02:08","modified_gmt":"2020-01-12T20:02:08","slug":"scruton","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wydarzenia\/scruton\/","title":{"rendered":"Prof. Roger Scruton vyznamen\u00e1n prezidentem a p\u0159edsedou polsk\u00e9ho Sejmu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Den pot\u00e9, co byl anglickou kr\u00e1lovnou nobilitov\u00e1n, obdr\u017eel sir Roger Scruton, jeden z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch myslitel\u016f na\u0161\u00ed doby, z rukou prezidenta a p\u0159edsedy polsk\u00e9ho parlamentu medaili Za odvahu a d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost.<\/p>\n

Jak s\u00e1m \u0159ekl na kongresu projektu Polsko velk\u00e9: ve dnech strachu a frustrace se dostal do role konzervativn\u00edho filozofa. Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 80. let zalo\u017eil spolu s baronkou Caroline Coxovou a Jessicou Douglas-Home Scrutonovou organizaci Jagiellonian Trust, kter\u00e1 polsk\u00fdm konzervativc\u016fm poskytovala knihy, \u010dasopisy, l\u00e9ka\u0159skou a finan\u010dn\u00ed pomoc. Protikomunistick\u00e9 poselstv\u00ed pro v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropu \u0161\u00ed\u0159il na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch The Times a konzervativn\u00edho \u010dasopisu Salisbury Review, jeho\u017e byl zakladatelem a \u0161\u00e9fredaktorem. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b byla podpora lid\u00ed, jako byl Scruton, pro n\u00e1\u0161 region neoceniteln\u00e1. Polsk\u00e1 realita pro n\u011bj byla nep\u0159ijateln\u00e1, byl to sv\u011bt, od kter\u00e9ho n\u00e1s cht\u011bl osvobodit. \"Polsko bylo zbaveno sv\u00e9 identity, kterou si zachovalo bez ohledu na \u010diny Stalina nebo Hitlera... Byla to zem\u011b zahalen\u00e1 svou tajemnou aurou, kde jsem c\u00edtil dech agrese. Zem\u011b pln\u00e1 strachu, kde lid\u00e9 mluvili \u0161eptem nebo sed\u011bli ml\u010dky... Kdy\u017e jsem \u0161el, sly\u0161el jsem kroky, kter\u00e9 utichly, kdy\u017e jsem st\u00e1l...\" - \u0159ekl.<\/p>\n

V 80. letech z vlastn\u00ed iniciativy vyhled\u00e1val v Polsku antikomunisty a zapojoval v\u011bdeck\u00e9 a akademick\u00e9 kruhy do boje proti re\u017eimu. Spole\u010dn\u00e9 \u00favahy, nap\u0159. o volnotr\u017en\u00edm hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, formovaly polskou pravici.<\/p>\n

Przemy\u015bl byl jedn\u00edm z prvn\u00edch m\u011bst, kter\u00e1 se zbavila chmurn\u00fdch hranic komunismu. \u017divot ve m\u011bst\u011b osvobodila skupina v\u011bnuj\u00edc\u00ed se filozofick\u00e9mu my\u0161len\u00ed. Tehdy se Roger Scruton sezn\u00e1mil s \u0161\u00e9fredaktorem \"Kulturn\u00ed p\u016fdy\", skupiny filozof\u016f, b\u00e1sn\u00edk\u016f a karikaturist\u016f, sou\u010dasn\u00fdm p\u0159edsedou Sejmu Markem Kuchci\u0144sk\u00fdm. \"S Kuchci\u0144sk\u00fdm jsme vybudovali antikomunistickou s\u00ed\u0165,\" \u0159ekl Scruton. V Przemy\u015blu uspo\u0159\u00e1dal n\u011bkolik podkrovn\u00edch setk\u00e1n\u00ed, mimo jin\u00e9 \"Levice a konzervatismus\", \"Odbory a pr\u00e1vo\" a \"Z\u00e1sady konzervativn\u00ed politiky\".<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem panelu p\u0159ipomn\u011bl: - \"Do polsk\u00e9 opozi\u010dn\u00ed kultury jsem se zapojil p\u0159\u00edmo d\u00edky n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b Polska v roce 1979, t\u011bsn\u011b po n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b pape\u017ee Jana Pavla II. v jeho vlasti. Atmosf\u00e9ra v Polsku na m\u011b ud\u011blala velk\u00fd dojem - v\u0161ude obrovsk\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed, strach, ale i mal\u00e9 z\u00e1rodky nad\u011bje. Tak jsem si \u0159ekl, \u017ee pokud jsou tu sem\u00ednka nad\u011bje, m\u011bl bych se je pokusit zal\u00e9vat, aby rostla. Po n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b Polska jsem odjel do \u010ceskoslovenska, abych vedl soukrom\u00fd semin\u00e1\u0159 pro lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e nemohli u\u010dit na univerzit\u011b, a pro mlad\u00e9 lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed se kolem nich shrom\u00e1\u017edili a kte\u0159\u00ed nemohli studovat na univerzit\u011b kv\u016fli sv\u00e9mu nedostate\u010dn\u00e9mu soci\u00e1ln\u00edmu postaven\u00ed. A spole\u010dn\u011b s n\u011bkolika p\u0159\u00e1teli jsme se rozhodli t\u011bmto lidem pomoci, to znamen\u00e1 poslat jim, co pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 nav\u0161t\u00edvit lidi, abychom jim dali najevo, \u017ee jsme na n\u011b nezapomn\u011bli. Nebylo to snadn\u00e9, proto\u017ee bylo velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159im\u011bt m\u00e9 kolegy na univerzit\u00e1ch ke spolupr\u00e1ci, proto\u017ee v\u0161ichni m\u011bli levicov\u00e9 n\u00e1zory a nemysleli si, \u017ee by bylo moudr\u00e9 naru\u0161it rovnov\u00e1hu, kter\u00e1 zaji\u0161\u0165ovala m\u00edr v Evrop\u011b, sov\u011btsk\u00fd m\u00edr, kter\u00fd cht\u011bli vnutit i Brit\u00e1nii. Bylo tedy velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 pokra\u010dovat (v Brit\u00e1nii), ale jak jsem zjistil, tady (v Polsku) to bylo do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry mnohem snaz\u0161\u00ed. B\u011bhem sv\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy jsem nav\u0161t\u00edvil Katolickou univerzitu v Lublinu, tuto posledn\u00ed nez\u00e1vislou univerzitu ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b a vlastn\u011b jedinou intelektu\u00e1ln\u011b nez\u00e1vislou univerzitu v Evrop\u011b. Bylo to jedin\u00e9 m\u00edsto v Evrop\u011b, kde jste mohli zcela svobodn\u011b hovo\u0159it o my\u0161lence konzervatismu. Potkal jsem tam mlad\u00e9ho lektora Marka Matraszka, kter\u00fd p\u0159ijel z Anglie, str\u00e1vil tam rok a hledal kolem sebe dal\u0161\u00ed anglick\u00e9 antikomunisty. Tak jsem se mu p\u0159edstavil jako hostuj\u00edc\u00ed antikomunista, kter\u00fd hled\u00e1 rekruty. A on mi \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \"Tady je jeden, kter\u00fd se ob\u011btav\u011b nab\u00edz\u00ed. Tak skv\u011bl\u00e9, \u017ee bych mohl vytvo\u0159it t\u00fdm. V Anglii jsem na\u0161el n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch lid\u00ed: Jessica byla cel\u00fd \u017eivot silnou odp\u016frkyn\u00ed komunismu a cht\u011bla se p\u0159ipojit a pomoci. Stejn\u011b tak Caroline Foxov\u00e1 a Agnieszka Kolakowsk\u00e1, jejich\u017e d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost nen\u00ed t\u0159eba v t\u00e9to zemi vysv\u011btlovat. Proto jsme zalo\u017eili mal\u00fd fond, abychom z\u00edskali pen\u00edze na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy lid\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsme zde potkali a kte\u0159\u00ed s n\u00e1mi sympatizovali (s na\u0161imi n\u00e1zory). \u0160lo o to poslat je do m\u00edst, kde prob\u00edhaly n\u011bjak\u00e9 (protikomunistick\u00e9) akce, a poskytnout jim v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 pot\u0159ebovali k pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto akc\u00ed: knihy, diskuse, n\u00e1pady, materi\u00e1ly pro podzemn\u00ed publikace, n\u011bjak\u00e9 pen\u00edze (i kdy\u017e jsme jich nem\u011bli moc) a obecn\u011b britsk\u00fd smysl pro spolupr\u00e1ci, co\u017e je to nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, co na\u0161e zem\u011b m\u00e1. V ka\u017ed\u00e9 kritick\u00e9 situaci alespo\u0148 Angli\u010dan\u00e9, ale mysl\u00edm, \u017ee do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry i Skotov\u00e9, spolupracuj\u00ed, vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed mal\u00e1 spole\u010denstv\u00ed a podniky, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed vy\u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9m. To je to nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, co m\u00e1me, a to je d\u016fvod, pro\u010d jsme st\u00e1le nez\u00e1vislou zem\u00ed - nebo se j\u00ed brzy, ji\u017e za n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed, staneme. (Sm\u00edch v s\u00e1le) A tato hodnota je pro Polsko, kde m\u00e1te v\u0161echny mor\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnoty, odvahu, poctivost, ale mus\u00edte chr\u00e1nit jednu v\u011bc - schopnost spolupracovat, velmi cenn\u00e1. Vytvo\u0159ili jsme malou komunitu v opozici v\u016f\u010di komunistick\u00e9 ortodoxii - prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm intelektu\u00e1ln\u00edho sv\u011bta a mal\u00fdch sdru\u017een\u00ed - mimo univerzity - lid\u00ed se z\u00e1jmem o kulturu a historii sv\u00e9 zem\u011b. M\u011bli jsme velk\u00e9 \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, \u017ee jsme se tehdy setkali s Markem Kuchci\u0144sk\u00fdm, kter\u00fd je nyn\u00ed - s pot\u011b\u0161en\u00edm mohu \u0159\u00edci - p\u0159edsedou polsk\u00e9ho Sejmu a kter\u00fd n\u00e1s pot\u00e9 pozval do Przemy\u015blu, kr\u00e1sn\u00e9ho a star\u00e9ho st\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta, kter\u00e9 je centrem sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed kultury. D\u00edky n\u011bmu jsme si za\u010dali vytv\u00e1\u0159et s\u00ed\u0165 kontakt\u016f, kter\u00e1 pro n\u00e1s byla velmi cenn\u00e1. <\/span>
Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee si bohu\u017eel nem\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ipsat z\u00e1sluhy za por\u00e1\u017eku komunist\u016f, proto\u017ee to vy\u017eadovalo masov\u00e9 spole\u010densk\u00e9 hnut\u00ed. A v t\u00e9 dob\u011b jste m\u011bli masov\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hnut\u00ed Solidarita, co\u017e byla mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost, a j\u00e1 jsem \u0161\u0165astn\u00fd, \u017ee jsem tuto mimo\u0159\u00e1dnou ud\u00e1lost za\u017eil. Byla to v\u016fbec prvn\u00ed autentick\u00e1 masov\u00e1 revoluce d\u011blnick\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy. Byla to vzpoura proti socialismu, nikoli pro socialismus, co\u017e je v\u00fdmluvn\u00e9 pop\u0159en\u00ed teorie marxismu. V\u0161ichni jsme se na to, co se stalo, d\u00edvali s \u00factou a radost\u00ed, proto\u017ee to zm\u011bnilo sv\u011bt. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee v\u0161e, co se d\u011bje v Polsku, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 kontroverzn\u00ed v Polsku, ale v\u0161ude jinde to kontroverzn\u00ed nen\u00ed. Jsme r\u00e1di, \u017ee Solidarita existovala a \u017ee ud\u011blala to, co ud\u011blala. V\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee zm\u011bnila d\u011bjiny v\u00edce ne\u017e komunistick\u00e1 strana p\u0159ed n\u00ed.(...) <\/span>
Ve sv\u00e9m projevu po vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed medail\u00ed \"Za odvahu a d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost\" Roger Scruton zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem vzpom\u00ednal na sv\u00e1 setk\u00e1n\u00ed na Katolick\u00e9 univerzit\u011b v Lublinu a v Przemy\u015blu:<\/span>
- (...) Ze v\u0161ech m\u00edst, kde jsem v t\u011bch t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch letech nav\u00e1zal p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed, pro m\u011b vynikaj\u00ed dv\u011b jako symboly polsk\u00e9ho odporu proti komunismu: Katolick\u00e1 univerzita v Lublinu, kter\u00e1 si b\u011bhem komunistick\u00fdch let zachovala intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed autonomii, a Przemy\u015bl, m\u011bsto na jihov\u00fdchod\u011b Polska, kter\u00e9 bylo centrem mnoha konflikt\u016f a kde z\u016fstalo n\u011bco ze star\u00e9ho spole\u010densk\u00e9ho ducha. Ji\u017e tehdy existovala v Przemy\u015blu diskusn\u00ed skupina v\u011bnovan\u00e1 filozofick\u00fdm a politick\u00fdm my\u0161lenk\u00e1m. Na\u0161i n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu tam \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci nad\u0161en\u011b p\u0159iv\u00edtali. Nav\u00e1zali jsme tam kontakty s um\u011blci, s autory undergroundov\u00fdch publikac\u00ed a brzy jsme si uv\u011bdomili, \u017ee Przemy\u015bl je m\u00edsto, kter\u00e9 chce navzdory bez\u00fat\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 komunistick\u00e9 realit\u011b z\u016fstat samo sebou. Zejm\u00e9na Marek Kuchci\u0144ski sehr\u00e1l d\u016fle\u017eitou roli p\u0159i formov\u00e1n\u00ed autentick\u00e9 ob\u010dansk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti v Przemy\u015blu. Stejn\u011b jako mnoho mlad\u00fdch Pol\u00e1k\u016f jeho generace pova\u017eoval ekonomiku voln\u00e9ho trhu a kulturn\u00ed konzervatismus za neodd\u011bliteln\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti t\u00e9\u017ee (syst\u00e9mov\u00e9) transformace, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee vr\u00e1tit Polsku jeho historii a obnovit jeho n\u00e1rodn\u00ed identitu. Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se \u00fa\u010dastnili na\u0161ich rozhovor\u016f, poch\u00e1zeli z r\u016fzn\u00fdch spole\u010densk\u00fdch vrstev, ale spojovala je hrdost na sv\u00e9 m\u011bsto a odpor proti re\u017eimu, kter\u00fd jim ho ukradl. Bylo pro n\u00e1s obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 obohacuj\u00edc\u00ed vid\u011bt, jakou zm\u011bnu jsme mohli ud\u011blat v mal\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b, kter\u00e9 nebylo pro z\u00e1padn\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159e d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, ale kter\u00e9 na\u0161i my\u0161lenku (doslova z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 lano) vyu\u017eilo v\u00edce ne\u017e kter\u00e9koli velk\u00e9 m\u011bsto. V provin\u010dn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b, jako byl Przemy\u015bl, kde \u017eili lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed pop\u00edrali ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed rozli\u0161en\u00ed mezi \u0161eptandou soukrom\u00e9ho \u017eivota a dikt\u00e1tem \u017eivota ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho. Na ulic\u00edch bylo \u017eivo a veselo i v noci. Mohli jste se po nich proch\u00e1zet jako v Lond\u00fdn\u011b, voln\u011b si pov\u00eddat s p\u0159\u00e1teli nebo st\u00e1t a na n\u011bkoho \u010dekat, ani\u017e byste na sebe nebo na uniformovan\u00e9 postavy upozor\u0148ovali. Zcela jinak ne\u017e ve Var\u0161av\u011b, kde byly v\u0161ude hl\u00eddky milice, p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 kdykoli kontrolovat \u010dinnost kolemjdouc\u00edch. Obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 to bylo v noci (...) <\/span><\/p>\n

Filozof v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee komunist\u00e9 mus\u00ed b\u00fdt potrest\u00e1ni. Bohu\u017eel mu bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee strana za sv\u00e9 zlo\u010diny nezaplat\u00ed. S\u00e1m p\u0159iznal, \u017ee d\u011bdictv\u00ed komunismu nerozum\u00ed. Pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 m\u00edsto, kter\u00e9 po n\u00ed v Polsku z\u016fstalo, zaplnily z\u00e1padn\u00ed s\u00edly a stejn\u011b jako tehdy Margaret Thatcherov\u00e1 - dnes je Pr\u00e1vo a spravedlnost z\u00e1padn\u00edmi kruhy, zejm\u00e9na levicov\u00fdmi, pova\u017eov\u00e1no za hrozbu pro demokracii. V opozici k EU stoj\u00ed touha P\u00edse\u010dan\u016f z\u00edskat zp\u011bt svou vlast s pocitem bezpe\u010d\u00ed a tradic\u00ed. EU n\u00e1m bere pr\u00e1vo na kulturu a n\u00e1rodn\u00ed identitu, zat\u00edmco PiS chce tuto identitu zachovat. \"Takov\u00e9 hodnoty p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed zven\u010d\u00ed od \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f a soudc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed ne\u017eij\u00ed ve sv\u00fdch zem\u00edch, nesd\u00edlej\u00ed jejich hodnoty, ale lp\u00ed na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed agend\u011b ve jm\u00e9nu \u0161patn\u011b vymy\u0161len\u00fdch p\u0159edpoklad\u016f,\" uvedl. - argumentoval.<\/span><\/p>\n

Scruton pova\u017euje k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed za z\u00e1klad na\u0161eho d\u011bdictv\u00ed. \"M\u00e1m Douf\u00e1m, \u017ee se op\u011bt dostane do pop\u0159ed\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e1 tradice, kter\u00e1 Polsku umo\u017enila zachovat si svou identitu v dob\u011b komunismu,\" \u0159ekl b\u011bhem panelu. <\/span><\/p>\n

text\/fotografie: Marta Olejnik<\/p>\n

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Zleva: Jacek Borz\u0119cki, p\u0159edseda Sejmu Marek Kuchcinski, Sir Roger Scruton, Jan Jarosz., Janusz Czarski<\/span><\/p>\n

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Dzie\u0144 po nobilitacji przez kr\u00f3low\u0105 angielsk\u0105 Sir Roger Scruton, jeden z najwybitniejszych my\u015blicieli naszych czas\u00f3w, odebra\u0142 z r\u0105k prezydenta i marsza\u0142ka Sejmu RP medal \u201eOdwaga i Wiarygodno\u015b\u0107\u201d. Jak sam powiedzia\u0142 podczas kongresu Polska Wielki Projekt: w dniach obaw i frustracji przypad\u0142a mu rola konserwatywnego filozofa. Na pocz\u0105tku lat 80. wraz baronow\u0105 Caroline Cox i Jessic\u0105 Douglas-Home […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1029,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1046","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wydarzenia"],"yoast_head":"\nProf. Roger Scruton uhonorowany przez prezydenta i marsza\u0142ka Sejmu RP – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/marekkuchcinski.pl\/cs\/wydarzenia\/scruton\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Prof. Roger Scruton uhonorowany przez prezydenta i marsza\u0142ka Sejmu RP – Marek Kuchci\u0144ski\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dzie\u0144 po nobilitacji przez kr\u00f3low\u0105 angielsk\u0105 Sir Roger Scruton, jeden z najwybitniejszych my\u015blicieli naszych czas\u00f3w, odebra\u0142 z r\u0105k prezydenta i marsza\u0142ka Sejmu RP medal \u201eOdwaga i Wiarygodno\u015b\u0107\u201d. 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